Energy security as a concept is void of meaning if not related to specific sociotechnical settings, this article argues. By bringing in insights from science and technology studies and national identity-making, we focus on how sociotechnical imaginaries of energy security in Norway and Ukraine are formative and productive for both technological development and societal discourses. This leads to diverse national narratives and strategies for providing energy security. In Norway, the imaginary transcends technical reasoning and day-to-day administration and has created a highly stable discourse seldom politicised. In Ukraine, the sociotechnical imaginary is in flux and highly politicised – if not securitised – as a new Ukrainian identity is under construction with and against energy technology and the Russian other. The article shows the benefits of understanding energy security as an interplay between societal discourses, technologies and natural resources rather than a stable end goal to be pursued.

本文认为，能源安全作为一个概念，如果与特定的社会技术环境无关，就没有意义。通过吸收来自科学技术研究和国家认同的见解，我们关注于挪威和乌克兰的能源安全的社会技术想象如何对技术发展和社会话语形成和产生成果。这导致提供能源安全的各种国家叙述和策略。在挪威，虚构的事物超越了技术推理和日常管理，并创造了一种很少被政治化的高度稳定的话语。在乌克兰，社会技术的想象力在不断变化，并且高度政治化（如果不是证券化的话），因为正在与能源技术以及俄罗斯技术对立，乌克兰正在树立新的身份。