The development of uncrewed maritime vehicles [UMVs] has the potential to increase the scale of military maritime surveillance in the exclusive economic zones of foreign coastal states. This paper considers the legal implications of the expanded use of UMVs for this purpose. It shows how features of the legal regime—namely how its application depends on determining the intent of a vessel's operation (to distinguish marine scientific research from military surveillance), as well the obligation to have due regard—have a “dynamic” quality that will pose a challenge to UMVs operated by autonomous technology. The legal obligations will require equipping UMVs with the capacity to communicate something about their identity, the purpose of their mission, and to be able to have some capacity to be responsive to the economic and environmental interests of the coastal state.

中文翻译：

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自主技术与动态义务：无人海上交通工具与专属经济区海上军事监视的监管

无人驾驶海上车辆 [UMV] 的发展有可能增加外国沿海国家专属经济区的军事海上监视规模。本文考虑了为此目的扩大使用 UMV 的法律影响。它展示了法律制度的特点——即其应用如何取决于确定船舶运营的意图（将海洋科学研究与军事监视区分开来），以及给予适当关注的义务——如何具有“动态”质量，将对由自主技术操作的 UMV 构成挑战。法律义务将要求 UMV 具备交流其身份、任务目的、