Importation in fictional discourse is the phenomenon by which audiences include information in the story over and above what is explicitly stated by the narrator. This paper argues that importation is distinct from generation, the phenomenon by which truth in fiction may outstrip what is made explicit, and draws a distinction between fictional truth and fictional records. The latter comprises the audience’s picture of what is true according to the narrator. The paper argues that importation into fictional records operates according to principles that also govern ordinary conversation. An account of fictional records as a species of common ground information is proposed. Two sources of importation are described in detail, presupposition accommodation and conversational implicatures. It is shown that presuppositions are both mandatorily imported and mandatorily generated. By contrast, conversational implicatures are neither mandatorily imported nor mandatorily generated. The paper distinguishes conversational implicatures from contextual inferences. Both rely on background assumptions, yet conversational implicatures moreover depend on assumptions concerning Gricean cooperation.

虚构话语中的输入是一种现象，观众通过该现象将故事中的信息包括在叙述者明确声明的内容之上。本文认为，输入与世代是不同的，即小说中的真理可以超越显性的东西的现象，并在虚构的真理和虚构的记录之间进行区分。根据叙述者，后者构成了观众对真实事物的描述。该论文认为，虚构记录的导入是根据也控制普通对话的原则进行的。提出了将虚构记录作为一种共同的地面信息的描述。详细介绍了两个重要的输入来源：预设适应和会话含义。结果表明，预设是强制输入和强制生成的。相比之下，会话含义既不是强制性引入的，也不是强制性产生的。本文将会话暗示与上下文推论区别开来。两者都依赖于背景假设，但是对话含义还取决于有关Gricean合作的假设。