In the context of transformation of the higher education landscape by Knowledge Society imperatives, there is an increase in academics’ external engagement, especially in the fields of hard sciences. This trend is noticeable in various European countries with different higher education models, but rather limited knowledge in understanding the generational influence on external engagement of academics exists, taking into account the broad range of external engagement activities. The aim of this paper is to examine generational differences by conducting cross-country analyses (N = 976) across different European countries and higher education models. The findings show that there is a trend towards academics’ engagement in spin-off/start-up creation in Finland, volunteer-based activities in Slovenia, teaching-related activities in Portugal and consultancy activities in Lithuania and in additional also is evidence for generational differences in academics’ external engagement. The logistic regression shows positive relationship between consolidate generation academics and patenting/licensing activities, younger generation and spin-off/start-up creation as well as intermediate generation and giving public lectures/speeches and producing publications for broader society.

中文翻译：

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勤奋科学家外部参与的决定因素：欧洲代际和国家差异的研究

在知识社会要求改变高等教育格局的背景下，学术界的外部参与有所增加，尤其是在硬科学领域。这种趋势在具有不同高等教育模式的各个欧洲国家中很明显，但考虑到广泛的外部参与活动，在理解代际影响对学术界外部参与的影响方面知识有限。本文的目的是通过对不同欧洲国家和高等教育模式进行跨国分析 (N = 976) 来检验代际差异。调查结果表明，学术界有一种趋势是在芬兰从事衍生/初创企业的创作，在斯洛文尼亚开展基于志愿者的活动，葡萄牙的教学相关活动和立陶宛的咨询活动，此外还证明了学术界外部参与的代际差异。逻辑回归表明，巩固一代学者与专利/许可活动、年轻一代和衍生/初创企业以及中间一代和为更广泛的社会提供公开讲座/演讲和出版出版物之间存在正相关关系。