The use of mesenchymal stem cells is an effective treatment strategy for a number of retinal degenerative diseases. The poor survival of these cells after transplantation is the limiting factor of this approach. It was shown previously that the cultivation of mesenchymal stem cells under hypoxia can increase their proliferative activity. We assumed that this method of cultivation will improve the viability of these cells after their transplantation into the subretinal space. To this end, we isolated mesenchymal stem cells from the red bone marrow of mice, characterized their phenotype, their ability to differentiate in the chondrogenic, osteogenic, and adipogenic directions, as well as their proliferative activity after cultivation under hypoxia (5% oxygen in the atmosphere) and normoxia (21% oxygen in the atmosphere). Red bone marrow cells were obtained in the same way from C57 Black mice carrying the GFP gene. These cells were loaded with magnetic microparticles after preliminary cultivation under normoxia (the control) and hypoxia (the experiment) and injected subretinally to rabbits. The cells were held at the injection site using a magnetic implant that prevented their migration. Cell survival was evaluated on the 3rd, 5th, 9th, 12th, and 15th days using fluorescence microscopy and optical coherence tomography. According to the obtained data, the cells grown under hypoxic conditions remained viable in the subretinal space for 9 days, while the cells that grew under normoxia conditions died after 6 days. Thus, pre-cultivation of mesenchymal stem cells under hypoxic conditions can increase their viability after transplantation into the subretinal space, which can be used in the treatment of degenerative diseases of the retina.

间充质干细胞的使用是许多视网膜退行性疾病的有效治疗策略。这些细胞在移植后存活率低是该方法的限制因素。先前已经表明，在缺氧条件下培养间充质干细胞可以增加其增殖活性。我们认为这种培养方法将改善这些细胞移植入视网膜下间隙后的活力。为此，我们从小鼠的红骨髓中分离了间充质干细胞，表征了它们的表型，在软骨形成，成骨和成脂方向上的分化能力以及在低氧条件下培养后的增殖活性（5％氧气大气）和常氧（大气中氧气含量为21％）。以相同方式从携带GFP基因的C57黑色小鼠中获得红骨髓细胞。在常氧（对照）和低氧（实验）下进行初步培养后，这些细胞中会装载磁性微粒，并通过视网膜下注射给兔子。使用防止其迁移的磁性植入物将细胞固定在注射部位。使用荧光显微镜和光学相干断层扫描在第3、5、9、12和15天评估细胞存活率。根据获得的数据，在低氧条件下生长的细胞在视网膜下间隙中保持存活9天，而在常氧条件下生长的细胞在6天后死亡。因此，在缺氧条件下对间充质干细胞进行预培养可以提高其在移植到视网膜下间隙后的生存能力，