‘Close-quarters situation’ is a term used in the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea. As the term is not precisely defined, this paper analyses the interpretations and definitions of the term by various authors or courts, based on judicial processes and judgments. In the end, the authors suggest their own definition of the term ‘close-quarters situation’. Knowing the minimum distance from another ship and the time to the closest point of approach at which collision may still be avoided by one's own manoeuvre is information that every ship's officer needs to know. In accordance with the proposed definition of the term ‘close-quarters situation’, minimum distances between ships and time to the closest point of approach in which the ship can still take action to avoid a collision by its own manoeuvring are determined by means of simulations on a navigational simulator. A total of 168 simulations were performed with three fine-form vessel sizes and three full-form vessel sizes. Due to the extensive amount of data, the paper presents the results for one vessel only.

中文翻译：

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通过模拟避碰行动降低船舶在近距离情况下发生碰撞的风险

“近距离情况”是《国际海上避碰规则》中使用的术语。由于该术语的定义不明确，本文根据司法程序和判决分析了不同作者或法院对该术语的解释和定义。最后，作者提出了他们自己对“近距离情况”一词的定义。知道与另一艘船的最小距离和到达最近接近点的时间，在该点仍然可以通过自己的机动避免碰撞，这是每艘船的高级船员都需要知道的信息。根据“近距离情况”一词的拟议定义，船舶之间的最小距离和到最近接近点的时间，船舶仍然可以通过自己的机动采取行动避免碰撞，通过导航模拟器上的模拟来确定。使用三种精细血管尺寸和三种完整血管尺寸进行了总共 168 次模拟。由于数据量大，本文仅介绍了一艘船的结果。