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Reducing the risk of collision between ships in a close-quarters situation by simulating collision avoidance actions

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  05 March 2021

Djani Mohovic ,
Robert Mohovic ,
Marko Suljic  and
Marko Njegovan
Djani Mohovic*
Affiliation:
Faculty of Maritime Studies, University of Rijeka, Croatia
Robert Mohovic
Affiliation:
Faculty of Maritime Studies, University of Rijeka, Croatia
Marko Suljic
Affiliation:
Faculty of Maritime Studies, University of Rijeka, Croatia
Marko Njegovan
Affiliation:
Faculty of Maritime Studies, University of Rijeka, Croatia
*
*Corresponding author. E-mail: dmohovic@pfri.hr
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Abstract

‘Close-quarters situation’ is a term used in the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea. As the term is not precisely defined, this paper analyses the interpretations and definitions of the term by various authors or courts, based on judicial processes and judgments. In the end, the authors suggest their own definition of the term ‘close-quarters situation’. Knowing the minimum distance from another ship and the time to the closest point of approach at which collision may still be avoided by one's own manoeuvre is information that every ship's officer needs to know. In accordance with the proposed definition of the term ‘close-quarters situation’, minimum distances between ships and time to the closest point of approach in which the ship can still take action to avoid a collision by its own manoeuvring are determined by means of simulations on a navigational simulator. A total of 168 simulations were performed with three fine-form vessel sizes and three full-form vessel sizes. Due to the extensive amount of data, the paper presents the results for one vessel only.

Keywords

close-quarters situationlast opportunity to avoid collisionaction to avoid a collision
Type
Research Article
Information
The Journal of Navigation , Volume 74 , Issue 3 , May 2021 , pp. 558 - 573
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Copyright
Copyright © The Royal Institute of Navigation 2021

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