Vertically oriented graphenes (VGs) have attracted tremendous attention in a variety of energy storage-related applications. However, the high cost of preparing VGs significantly hinders their practical applications. Herein we introduce the Ar-plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition to demonstrate the cost-effective, environmentally-sustainable, and scale-up synthesis of VGs from waste oil. In our system, Ar gas can improve the electron energy and ionization rate of plasma, which breaks down the chemical bonding of waste oil into essential species to etch the amorphous carbon, yielding large-area VGs (12 × 3.5 cm²) with highly-oriented structure and superior growth efficiency beyond VGs from hydrocarbon precursors. In the supercapacitor applications, the VG-based electrode exhibits significantly enhanced capacitance (~4 times that from conventional hydrocarbon gases) and efficient AC (alternating current) filtering capability RC (resistor-capacitor) (time constant of of 163 μs at 120 Hz), which is obviously superior to the non-oriented counterpart. Besides, MnO₂/VGs composite electrode is prepared to deliver a maximum energy density of ~33.2 Wh/kg at 1.0 kW/kg and a power density of 10.2 kW/kg at 22.9 Wh/kg. In the end, the economic analysis suggests that the total cost of VGs can be reduced by ~32%. This work provides an environment-friendly and low-cost avenue for preparing VGs for advanced energy storage applications.

垂直取向的石墨烯（VG）在各种与能量存储相关的应用中引起了极大的关注。但是，制备VG的高昂成本严重阻碍了它们的实际应用。在这里，我们介绍了Ar-等离子体增强的化学气相沉积，以证明从废油中经济高效，环境可持续和按比例放大合成VG的方法。在我们的系统中，氩气可以提高等离子体的电子能量和电离速率，从而将废油化学键分解为基本物种以蚀刻非晶碳，从而产生大面积VG（12×3.5 cm ^2）。）具有高度定向的结构，并且具有超越碳氢化合物前体所产生的VG的出色生长效率。在超级电容器应用中，基于VG的电极表现出显着增强的电容（约为传统碳氢化合物气体的4倍）和有效的AC（交流）滤波能力RC（电阻-电容器）（在120 Hz下的时间常数为163μs） ，这明显优于无方向性的同类产品。此外，MnO ₂/ VGs复合电极准备在1.0 kW / kg时提供〜33.2 Wh / kg的最大能量密度，在22.9 Wh / kg时提供10.2 kW / kg的功率密度。最后，经济分析表明，VG的总成本可降低约32％。这项工作为准备用于高级储能应用的VG提供了一种环境友好，成本低廉的途径。