Cultivation of energy crops is a part of modern agriculture. In particular, maize (Zea mays L.) is widely grown in central Europe. However, in terms of erosion risk and high demands on fertilization and protection against diseases and pests, its growing is not environmentally friendly. Therefore, possibilities of utilization of other more environmentally friendly energy crops have been examined at present. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of various fertilization (mineral, digestate, control) on the yields of tall wheatgrass (TWG) (Elymus elongatus subsp. ponticus) and reed canary grass (RCG) (Phalaris arundinacea L.) cultivated in a long-term field experiment on the experimental site in Czech Republic. The energy profit from cultivation of these crops and its protective anti-erosion effect were evaluated. The average yields ranged from 4.6 (RCG, mineral fertilization) to 7.4 t/ha (TWG, digestate fertilization). The more profitable species was tall wheatgrass, the biomass of which also had the higher heating value. The energy profit ranged from 80 GJ/ha (RCG, control variant and mineral fertilization) to 133 GJ/ha (TWG, digestate and mineral fertilization). It has been found that the tested plants excel in anti-erosion effect and could therefore be a suitable alternative to maize, especially in less-favored areas.

中文翻译：

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施肥对高麦草和芦苇加那利草能量收益的影响

能源作物的种植是现代农业的一部分。特别地，玉米（Zea mays L.）在中欧广泛种植。但是，就侵蚀风险和对施肥以及对病虫害的防护的高要求而言，其生长对环境不利。因此，目前已经研究了利用其他更环保的能源作物的可能性。这项研究的目的是评估各种施肥（矿物，消化，控制）对高麦草（TWG）（Elymus elongatus subsp。ponticus）和芦苇金丝雀草（RCG）（Phalaris arundinacea）产量的影响L.）在捷克共和国的实验地点进行了长期的野外实验。评价了这些作物种植产生的能量收益及其保护性抗侵蚀作用。平均单产范围为4.6（RCG，矿物肥料）至7.4吨/公顷（TWG，消化肥）。高利润的品种是高草小麦，其生物量也具有较高的热值。能源利润从80 GJ / ha（RCG，控制变量和矿物肥料）到133 GJ / ha（TWG，消化液和矿物肥料）。已经发现，所测试的植物具有优异的抗侵蚀作用，因此可以作为玉米的合适替代品，特别是在不利地区。