Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing ( IF 2.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-24 , DOI: 10.1007/s11517-021-02337-7 Yi Ting Yap 1 , Darwin Gouwanda 1 , Alpha A Gopalai 1 , Yu Zheng Chong 2
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Asymmetrical stiff knee gait is a mechanical pathology that can disrupt lower extremity muscle coordination. A better understanding of this condition can help identify potential complications. This study proposes the use of dynamic musculoskeletal modelling simulation to investigate the effect of induced mechanical perturbation on the kneeand to examine the muscle behaviour without invasive technique. Thirty-eight healthy participants were recruited. Asymmetrical gait was simulated using knee brace. Knee joint angle, joint moment and knee flexor and extensor muscle forces were computed using OpenSim. Differences inmuscle force between normal and abnormal conditions were investigated using ANOVA and Tukey-Kramer multiple comparison test.The results revealed that braced knee experienced limited range of motion with smaller flexion moment occuring at late swing phase. Significant differences were found in all flexormuscle forces and in several extensor muscle forces (p<0.05). Normal knee produced larger flexor muscle force than braced knee. Braced knee generated the largest extensor muscle force at early swing phase. In summary, musculoskeletal modelling simulation can be a computational tool to map and detect the differences between normal and asymmetrical gaits.
Graphical abstract
中文翻译：
单侧护膝引起的步态不对称对膝屈伸肌的影响
不对称僵硬的膝盖步态是一种机械病理，会破坏下肢肌肉协调。更好地了解这种情况有助于识别潜在的并发症。本研究建议使用动态肌肉骨骼建模模拟来研究诱导机械扰动对膝盖的影响，并在没有侵入性技术的情况下检查肌肉行为。招募了 38 名健康参与者。使用护膝模拟不对称步态。使用 OpenSim 计算膝关节角度、关节力矩以及膝屈肌和伸肌力。使用方差分析和 Tukey-Kramer 多重比较检验研究正常和异常情况之间的肌肉力量差异。结果表明，支撑膝关节活动范围有限，摆动后期屈曲力矩较小。在所有屈肌力和几种伸肌力中发现显着差异（p< 0.05)。正常膝关节产生比支撑膝关节更大的屈肌力。支撑膝在早期摆动阶段产生最大的伸肌力。总之，肌肉骨骼建模模拟可以作为一种计算工具来绘制和检测正常步态和非对称步态之间的差异。
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