Since the fourth Tuareg rebellion in January 2012, followed by a military coup in March of the same year against the democratically elected government of Mali, the Malian state and the greater Sahel region have hitherto become a political and security challenge of seemingly unmanageable proportions for the international community. Following the classification of the situation by the UN Security Council as a threat to international peace and security, foreign, regional and international missions faced intractable difficulties in overcoming political intransigence, powerful rebel groups, terrorism, organized crime, weak state institutions and a deteriorating humanitarian and human rights situation. Described as an ‘archetypal conflict ecosystem’ by commentators and as one of the most dangerous peacekeeping environments by UN officials, the situation in Mali and the Sahel has little to show in terms of progress after 6 years of foreign intervention of various kinds and therefore remains a still to be solved, typical African peace and security challenge. This contribution explains the root causes of instability and violence in the region, and examines the evolution of foreign, regional and international interventions in the region, the changes in peacekeeping mandates and the relationship between the United Nations and the African Union.

中文翻译：

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马里和萨赫勒：在另一个崎岖的地区缔造和平

自 2012 年 1 月第四次图阿雷格叛乱和同年 3 月针对马里民选政府的军事政变以来，马里国家和大萨赫勒​​地区迄今已成为似乎无法应对的政治和安全挑战。国际社会。在联合国安理会将局势列为对国际和平与安全的威胁之后，外国、区域和国际特派团在克服政治顽固、强大的叛乱团体、恐怖主义、有组织犯罪、国家机构薄弱和日益恶化的人道主义方面面临着棘手的困难。和人权状况。评论员将其描述为“典型的冲突生态系统”，并被联合国官员描述为最危险的维和环境之一，马里和萨赫勒地区的局势在经历了 6 年的各种外国干预之后几乎没有什么进展，因此仍然是一个有待解决的典型非洲和平与安全挑战。这篇文章解释了该地区不稳定和暴力的根源，并审查了该地区的外国、地区和国际干预的演变、维和任务的变化以及联合国与非洲联盟之间的关系。