Abstract

Stone pine nuts, the most expensive dry fruit worldwide, have been characterized mostly for the main producer countries, located in the Northern Hemisphere. A proximate composition analysis of pine nuts harvested from seven areas located in the Southern Hemisphere (Argentina, Australia, Chile and New Zealand) was performed. Pine nuts showed significant differences in dietary fiber and minerals, probably due to the different climate and environmental conditions, confirming the species’ plasticity and adaptability. Australian pine nuts showed a different profile, with the highest values for protein, lipids and ashes, and the lowest for dietary fiber. Studied pine nuts showed values comparable to the ones reported for the species in its native habitat. Results confirmed that high-quality Mediterranean pine nuts might be produced in the areas included in this study, with practical implications for stone pine cropping in non-native habitats and for the later marketing of pine nuts.

Graphic abstract

中文翻译：

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南半球起源的地中海松树松果

摘要

松子是世界上最昂贵的干果，其特征主要是位于北半球的主要生产国。对从南半球七个地区（阿根廷，澳大利亚，智利和新西兰）收获的松子进行了近成分分析。松子在膳食纤维和矿物质上显示出显着差异，这可能是由于气候和环境条件不同所致，从而证实了松树的可塑性和适应性。澳大利亚松子显示出不同的特性，其中蛋白质，脂质和灰分最高，而膳食纤维最低。研究过的松子的价值与当地栖息地的物种可比。

图形摘要