Abstract This paper investigates how English as a lingua franca is used to manage adversarial moments in casual conversation among friends, using conversation analysis and politeness theory. It presents a single case analysis of face negotiation devices utilized in two cases of third-party complaint sequences, in which complaints are made about someone else who is not present. The two cases to be analyzed were extracted from recordings of conversation of international students in British universities. The analysis revealed that the interactants utilize verbal and nonverbal devices, which are sometimes linguistically inexplicit but nonverbally resourceful, in a pragmatically sensitive manner in situ, thereby saving mutual face, intensifying the degree of face-threatening, or expressing disaffiliation in a face-saving way.

中文翻译：

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随意ELF对话中面部威胁行为的交互管理：第三方投诉序列分析

摘要 本文利用会话分析和礼貌理论，研究如何使用英语作为通用语言来管理朋友间随意交谈中的对抗性时刻。它提供了在第三方投诉序列的两个案例中使用的面部谈判设备的单个案例分析，其中投诉是针对不在场的其他人。所分析的两个案例是从英国大学留学生的谈话录音中提取的。分析表明，互动者利用语言和非语言手段，这些手段有时在语言上不明确但在非语言上足智多谋，以务实的敏感方式就地，从而挽救了彼此的面子，加剧了面子威胁的程度，或在面子中表达了不认同。办法。