Spondyloarthritis (SpA) is a group of chronic, immune-mediated, inflammatory diseases affecting the bone, synovium, and enthesis. Microbiome, the community of microorganisms that has co-evolved with human hosts, plays a pivotal role in human health and disease. This invisible “essential organ” supplies the host with a myriad of chemicals and molecules. In turn, microbial metabolites can serve as messengers for microbes to communicate with each other and in the cross-talk with host cells. Gut dysbiosis in SpA is associated with altered microbial metabolites, and an accumulated body of research has contributed to the understanding that changes in intestinal microbiota can modulate disease pathogenesis. We review the novel findings from human and animal studies to provide an overview of the contribution of individual microbial metabolites and antigens to SpA.

脊柱关节炎 (SpA) 是一组影响骨骼、滑膜和关节的慢性、免疫介导的炎症性疾病。微生物组是与人类宿主共同进化的微生物群落，在人类健康和疾病中发挥着关键作用。这个无形的“基本器官”为宿主提供了无数的化学物质和分子。反过来，微生物代谢物可以作为微生物相互交流以及与宿主细胞相互交流的信使。SpA 中的肠道菌群失调与微生物代谢物的改变有关，积累的研究有助于理解肠道微生物群的变化可以调节疾病发病机制。