Context

The late 20th and early twenty-first centuries saw massive urbanizations across the world, leading considerate changes in land-cover/land-use, and posing significant threats to UNESCO recognized heritage.

Objectives

The Complex of Huế Monuments, one of World Heritage Site in the centre of Vietnam, is now facing such challenges. This paper conducts a systematic spatial and temporal analysis for a better insight into the contemporary conflict between preserving the historical landscape and developing the urban areas.

Methods

The analysis involves: (1) classification of land-cover/land-use between 1995 and 2016 using SPOT data; (2) investigation of the urbanization intensity index; (3) identification of key metrics of landscape, spatial index, and natural hazard indicators to build a risk map of the heritage sites; and (4) a final assessment of the risks, as results of urban expansion, on the Outstanding Universal Values (OUV) of these selected samples.

Results

The results show that monuments are under threat as risks increased from 1995 to 2016 with a considerable correlation between urbanization intensity index and the risks to OUV. In particular, the area with high risk to OUV increased from 19.78% in 1995 to 23.74% in 2016, and the increasing percentage for the area with very high risk was from 1.26% to 6.67%, respectively.

Conclusions

The study area is an example of many similar worldwide cultural heritages that might be threatened by socio-economic development. The successful implementation of the approach for assessing heritage risk presented in this study can be used for other areas with similar characteristics.

中文翻译：

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城市化对文化遗产保护区景观格局的影响：以越南胡ế古迹群为例

语境

20世纪末和二十一世纪初，世界各地发生了大规模的城市化进程，导致土地覆盖/土地利用发生了深思熟虑的变化，并对教科文组织公认的遗产构成了重大威胁。

目标

越南中部世界遗产之一的胡ế古迹群现在正面临着这样的挑战。本文进行了系统的时空分析，以更好地了解保存历史景观与发展市区之间的当代冲突。

方法

该分析涉及：（1）使用SPOT数据对1995年至2016年之间的土地覆盖/土地利用进行分类；（2）城市化强度指标调查；（3）确定景观的关键指标，空间指数和自然灾害指标，以建立遗产遗址的风险图；（4）对这些选定样本的杰出普遍价值（OUV）进行的城市扩展风险的最终评估。

结果

结果表明，随着风险从1995年到2016年增加，古迹正受到威胁，城市化强度指数与OUV风险之间存在显着相关性。特别是，高风险区域的风险从1995年的19.78％增加到2016年的23.74％，高风险区域的百分比从分别从1.26％增加到6.67％。

结论

研究区是世界上许多相似的文化遗产的一个例子，这些文化遗产可能会受到社会经济发展的威胁。本研究中成功实施的评估遗产风险的方法可以用于具有类似特征的其他领域。