The tritrophic interactions among plant virus, host plants, and insect vectors directly influence the natural ecosystem, which, in turn, has tremendous practical implications in the sustainable pest control strategies. Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), transmitted by aphids in a non-persistent manner, causes severe damage in diverse crops worldwide. There is a wealth of information on the initial round of interactions within this tritrophic system. However, knowledge on the subsequent round of interactions is very limited. In this research, we focused on their interactions among Nicotiana tabacum cv. Samsum plants, CMV, and green peach aphids, Myzus persicae specifically after the initial round of aphid feeding on CMV-infected plants. Our results show that initial aphid feeding on CMV-infected plants reduces the fitness of the subsequent aphids. The reproduction capacity, longevity, and survival rate of M. persicae are reduced on CMV-infected plants, previously foraged by M. persicae. Furthermore, the initial aphid feeding on CMV-infected plants induce gene expression involved in the salicylic acid (SA) signaling pathway and suppresses the expression of downstream genes associated with jasmonic acid (JA) signaling pathway. Besides, plant chlorophyll content and nitrogen source are reduced on those CMV-infected plants, previously foraged by aphids. The negative impacts on the fitness and performance of the subsequent aphids may have significant implications in virus transmission, distribution, and epidemiology.

植物病毒，寄主植物和昆虫媒介之间的三养相互作用直接影响自然生态系统，这反过来对可持续的有害生物控制策略具有巨大的实际意义。蚜虫以非持久方式传播的黄瓜花叶病毒（CMV）在全球范围内对多种作物造成严重破坏。在这个三营养系统中，最初的相互作用有很多信息。但是，关于后续交互的知识非常有限。在这项研究中，我们专注于烟草之间的相互作用。Samsum植物，CMV和桃蚜，Myzus persicae特别是在以CMV感染的植物为食的第一轮蚜虫之后。我们的结果表明，以CMV感染的植物为食的最初蚜虫会降低后续蚜虫的适应性。在先前由桃蚜为食的CMV感染植物上，桃蚜的繁殖能力，寿命和存活率降低。此外，以CMV感染的植物为食的初始蚜虫诱导了与水杨酸（SA）信号传导途径有关的基因表达，并抑制了与茉莉酸（JA）信号传导途径相关的下游基因的表达。此外，先前被蚜虫觅食的那些CMV感染的植物减少了植物的叶绿素含量和氮源。对随后的蚜虫的适应性和性能的负面影响可能对病毒的传播，分布和流行病学产生重大影响。