One of the aspects of reservoirs formed in highly karstified terrains is the wide range of unknowns. These unknowns impact the risks and problems that follow through from the initial design phase and field research, to dam construction, reservoir formation, filling and operation. Unfortunately, despite complex research and usually extensive remedial work, a large number of reservoirs constructed in karst terrains have problems with water losses at the dam site, as well as losses from the reservoir to other aquifers due to disturbance of the natural state of the karst aquifer. The great unpredictability of reservoirs in heavily karstified terrain means that, frequently, some can only be partially filled and some remain completely dry due to increased leakage. However, the risk component can be considerably reduced by improving research methods, by using regional hydrogeological, tectonic, speleogenetic and other approaches that are frequently neglected or underutilized in the project planning and field research phases. This paper reviews the methodological approach of dam construction and reservoir formation in karst terrains, from the early stages of project planning through the research phase to the filling phase and the operational state of the reservoir, highlighting and presenting some standard, as well as some unconventional, research techniques that can greatly assist in all stages of the project.

在高度喀斯特化的地形中形成的储层的一方面是范围广泛的未知数。这些未知因素会影响从初始设计阶段和现场研究到大坝建设，水库形成，充填和运营的风险和问题。不幸的是，尽管进行了复杂的研究并且通常进行了大量的补救工作，但是在喀斯特地貌中建造的大量水库在水坝站点的水流失以及由于对喀斯特自然状态的干扰而导致水库向其他含水层的流失问题仍然存在。含水层。在严重的喀斯特地貌中，储层的巨大不可预测性意味着，由于渗漏量的增加，有些储集层经常只能部分充填，而有些却保持完全干燥。但是，通过改进研究方法可以大大降低风险成分，通过使用在项目计划和现场研究阶段经常被忽视或利用不足的区域水文地质，构造，造山作用和其他方法。本文从岩溶地形的大坝建设和水库形成的方法论方法入手，从项目规划的早期阶段到研究阶段，再到水库的填土阶段和运行状态，重点介绍并提出了一些标准，以及一些非常规的标准。可以在项目的各个阶段提供极大帮助的研究技术。