Purpose

Dyes are highly toxic coloured compounds in nature that are largely applied in paper, food, textile and printing industries. Here, the adsorption technique was performed to remove methyl orange (MO) dye from water by polyethylene glycol (PEG) modified iron oxide nanoparticles (Fe₃O₄ NPs).

Methods

The method used for Fe₃O₄ NPs synthesis was chemical precipitation. The particles were analyzed by transmission electron microscope, magnetometer, BET analyzer, fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, zetasizer and particle size analyzer. The influence of pH (4.0 to 10.0), NaCl concentration (0.01 mM to 2 M), adsorbent dosage (1 to 10 mg), and the role of surface charge on adsorptive removal were investigated.

Results

The NPs size, zeta potential and surface area was found to be 26 ± 1.26 nm, 33.12 ± 1.01 mV and 119 m²/g respectively. The adsorption of MO on Fe₃O₄ NPs agreed best to Freundlich model (R² = 0.965) when compared with Langmuir model (R² = 0.249). By comparing pseudo-first-order kinetic model (R² = 0.937), kinetic adsorption study was better followed by pseudo-second-order kinetic model (R² = 1). The adsorption rate decreased with increasing NaCl concentration. At pH 4, maximum adsorption was noted. The particles were also exhibited excellent antibacterial and antibiofilm activities. The ROS formation, lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress were increased with increase in NPs concentration. The NPs precoated slides exhibited more than 50% growth inhibition.

Conclusion

The investigation denotes the versatile applications of the prepared particles for removing the dye stuffs from industrial effluents and as antibacterial and antibiofilm agent.

中文翻译：

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混合 PEG-Fe 3 O 4 纳米粒子的合成和表征，用于有效吸附去除染料和抗菌以及抗生物膜应用

目的

染料是自然界中剧毒的有色化合物，主要应用于造纸、食品、纺织和印刷行业。在这里，进行吸附技术以通过聚乙二醇（PEG）改性的氧化铁纳米颗粒（Fe ₃ O ₄ NPs）从水中去除甲基橙（MO）染料。

方法

Fe ₃ O ₄ NPs的合成方法是化学沉淀法。通过透射电子显微镜、磁力计、BET分析仪、傅里叶变换红外光谱、X射线粉末衍射、zetasizer和粒度分析仪对颗粒进行分析。研究了 pH（4.0 到 10.0）、NaCl 浓度（0.01 mM 到 2 M）、吸附剂用量（1 到 10 mg）以及表面电荷对吸附去除的作用的影响。

结果

NPs 尺寸、zeta 电位和表面积分别为 26 ± 1.26 nm、33.12 ± 1.01 mV 和 119 m ² /g。与 Langmuir 模型（R ² = 0.249）相比，Mo在 Fe ₃ O ₄ NPs 上的吸附最符合 Freundlich 模型（R ^{2 = 0.965）。}通过比较准一级动力学模型（R ² = 0.937），动力学吸附研究优于伪二级动力学模型（R ²= 1)。吸附率随着NaCl浓度的增加而降低。在 pH 值 4 时，记录到最大吸附。这些颗粒还表现出优异的抗菌和抗生物膜活性。ROS形成、脂质过氧化和氧化应激随着NPs浓度的增加而增加。NPs 预涂层载玻片表现出超过 50% 的生长抑制。

结论

该研究表明制备的颗粒在去除工业废水中的染料以及作为抗菌剂和抗生物膜剂方面具有广泛的应用。