The lack of meteorological observations at high latitudes and the small size and relatively short lifetime of polar lows (PLs) constitute a problem in the simulation and prediction of these phenomena by numerical models. On the other hand, PLs, which are rapidly developing, can lead to such extreme weather events as stormy waves, strong winds, the icing of ships, and snowfalls with low visibility, which can influence communication along the Arctic seas. This article is devoted to studying the possibility of the numerical simulation and prediction of polar lows by different model configurations and resolutions. The results of the numerical experiments for the Norwegian and Barents seas with grid spacings of 6.5 and 2 km using the ICON-Ru configurations of the ICON (ICOsahedral Nonhydrostatic) model and with a grid spacing of 6.5 km using the COSMO-CLM (Climate Limited-area Modeling) configuration of the COSMO (COnsortium for Small-scale MOdelling) model are presented for the cold season of 2019–2020. All the used model configurations demonstrated the possibility of the realistic simulation of polar lows. The ICON model showed slightly more accurate results for the analyzed cases. The best results showed runs with lead times of less than a day.

中文翻译：

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使用COSMO-CLM和ICON模型对2019-2020年寒冷季节的挪威和巴伦支海极低点进行高分辨率模拟

在高纬度地区缺乏气象观测资料，极地低压（PLs）的体积小且寿命相对较短，这是通过数值模型对这些现象进行模拟和预测的问题。另一方面，快速发展的自然保护区可能导致极端的天气事件，例如风浪，强风，船舶结冰和能见度较低的降雪，这可能会影响北极海域的交通。本文致力于研究通过不同模型配置和分辨率进行数值模拟和预测极地低压的可能性。使用ICON（ICOsahedral Nonhydrostatic）模型的ICON-Ru配置以及栅格间距为6的栅格间距为6.5和2 km的挪威和巴伦支海的数值实验结果。提出了使用COSMO（小规模模型联盟）模型的COSMO-CLM（气候有限区域建模）配置的5公里，用于2019-2020年的寒冷季节。所有使用的模型配置都证明了实际模拟极地低压的可能性。对于所分析的案例，ICON模型显示出更为准确的结果。最好的结果表明运行时间少于一天。