Climate change may impose extreme conditions which potentially affect species’ distributions, leading to spatio-temporal variation in biodiversity and ecosystem services patterns. Here we compared current climate conditions to future climate scenarios projected to 2050 to assess potential changes in the spatio-temporal patterns of the taxonomic and functional diversities of the woody species of the Restinga vegetation in Brazil. We generated Ecological Niche Models (ENM) for 796 woody plant species from which we estimated the spatio-temporal changes of beta diversity components, the community-weighted means (CWM) of selected traits and functional diversity indices. The pessimistic scenario indicated an overall threefold increase in woody plant species loss compared to the optimistic scenario, whereas at regional scales, species loss may reach percentages as high as 19%. Conversely, beta diversity may increase in the future, in which the turnover component had a greater contribution than nestedness. The CWM projection emphasized contrasts among traits and ecoregions, with an increase in most analysed traits (stem wood density, seed length and fruit length) and a decrease in one of them (maximum plant height). Functional divergence and richness may decrease in future, while functional evenness may increase. Our study highlighted important potential changes in the distribution of biodiversity that could lead to biotic homogenization in the Restinga vegetation and calls for the inclusion of this marginalized vegetation in plans for mitigation and adaptation to climate change.

气候变化可能会施加可能影响物种分布的极端条件，从而导致生物多样性和生态系统服务模式的时空变化。在这里，我们将当前的气候条件与预计到2050年的未来气候情景进行了比较，以评估Restinga木质物种的分类和功能多样性的时空格局。巴西的植被。我们生成了796种木本植物物种的生态位模型（ENM），从中我们估计了β多样性成分的时空变化，所选性状的社区加权均值（CWM）和功能多样性指数。悲观情景表明，与乐观情景相比，木本植物物种损失总体增加了三倍，而在区域范围内，物种损失可能高达19％。相反，将来β多样性可能会增加，其中营业额比嵌套更重要。CWM预测强调了性状和生态区之间的对比，其中大多数分析性状（茎木密度，种子长度和果实长度）增加，而其中一项减少（最大株高）。将来功能差异和丰富度可能会降低，而功能均匀性可能会增加。我们的研究强调了生物多样性分布方面的重要潜在变化，可能导致生物多样性的均质化。Restinga植被，并呼吁将该边缘化植被纳入缓解和适应气候变化的计划中。