In this article, we present a system to measure current in the range of 0 to 10 $\mathsf{\mu }$A with high-voltage isolation up to 5 kV. This current monitor consists of three ammeters connected in series, to improve the resolution in the measurement. The design features several innovative elements such as using low voltage to provide power to the devices to measure the current and digitize it with a sampling frequency of 1 KHz, it is generated based on a DC-DC converter that produces three voltages, +12 V, −12 V, and 5 V, from a conventional 10 V source. The three voltages are referenced to the same floating ground. The DC-DC converter has a high voltage insulation up to 5 kV and four optocouplers with an insulation up to 20 kV are used to read the digitized data. The introduction of a DC-DC converter contributed to reduce the noise level in the analog part of the circuit which has been resolved implementing shields inside the board. In particle physics, several systems are used to detect particles in high-energy physics experiments such as Gas Electron Multiplier (GEM), micromegas, etc. GEMs suffer small deteriorations due to discharges in constant operation and require monitoring the current consumption at high frequency (1 kHz). In this work, we present the design and operation of a 0 to 10 $\mathsf{\mu }$A auto scale ammeter. The results obtained by monitoring the current in a 10 × 10 cm${}^2$ GEM are shown.

中文翻译：

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从皮安到微安的高压应用中的电流监控系统

在本文中，我们介绍了一种用于测量0到10范围内的电流的系统 $\mathsf{\mu }$具有高达5 kV的高压隔离的A。该电流监视器由三个串联的电流表组成，以提高测量的分辨率。该设计具有多个创新元素，例如使用低电压为设备供电以测量电流并以1 KHz的采样频率将其数字化，它是基于产生+12 V三个电压的DC-DC转换器生成的，−12 V和5 V，来自常规10 V电源。这三个电压参考相同的浮动地。DC-DC转换器具有高达5 kV的高压绝缘，并使用四个具有高达20 kV绝缘的光电耦合器读取数字化数据。引入DC-DC转换器有助于降低电路模拟部分的噪声水平，该问题已通过在板内部采用屏蔽解决。在粒子物理学中，气体电子倍增器（GEM），微米等在高能物理实验中使用了几种系统来检测粒子。由于在恒定操作下的放电，GEM的劣化很小，并且需要监控高频下的电流消耗（ 1 kHz）。在这项工作中，我们介绍了0到10的设计和操作$\mathsf{\mu }$自动刻度电流表。通过监视10×10 cm的电流获得的结果${}^2$ 显示了GEM。