Preventing water pollution and conserving water are major issues in the context of population growth and worldwide pollution, calling for advanced remediation techniques. Classical remediation techniques of water cleaning such as membrane adsorption are able to separate pollutants from water, yet the separated pollutants require additional treatment or disposal. Therefore, techniques that degrade the pollutant appear promising, provided that pollutants are organic and degradable. Here, we review the enzymatic degradation of organic pollutants with focus on methods to immobilize enzymes and nanoparticles as support materials. We discuss the degradation of pesticides, dyes, phenolic compounds and antibiotics.

在人口增长和全球污染的背景下，预防水污染和节约用水是主要问题，需要先进的修复技术。水清洗的经典修复技术（例如膜吸附）能够从水中分离出污染物，但是分离出的污染物需要额外的处理或处置。因此，只要污染物是有机的且可降解的，降解污染物的技术就显得很有希望。在这里，我们将重点讨论固定化酶和纳米颗粒作为支持材料的方法，对有机污染物的酶促降解进行综述。我们讨论了农药，染料，酚类化合物和抗生素的降解。