This study presents the fabrication of 14Cr Fe–Cr–Al oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) alloy by a direct oxidation process. In order to explain how oxide nanoparticles are formed in the consolidation process, the powders after oxidation are subjected to vacuum thermal treatment at high temperatures. Differential scanning calorimeter, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy techniques are used to detect the generation, evolution of oxides on both the surface and interior of the powder, as well as the type of oxide nanoparticles in the fabricated ODS alloy. It is found that an iron oxide layer is formed on the surface of the powder during low temperature oxidation. And the iron oxide layer would be decomposed after thermal treatment at high temperature. In the consolidation process, the oxygen required by the reaction of alumina and yttrium oxide to produce nanoscale Y–Al–O particles mainly derives from the decomposition of iron oxide layer at elevated temperature and the inward diffusion of oxygen. Using the direct oxidation process, YAlO₃ nanoparticles are dispersed in the grains and at the grain boundaries of Fe–Cr–Al ODS alloy.

这项研究提出了通过直接氧化工艺制造14Cr Fe–Cr–Al氧化物弥散强化（ODS）合金的方法。为了解释在固结过程中如何形成氧化物纳米颗粒，将氧化后的粉末在高温下进行真空热处理。差示扫描量热仪，X射线光电子能谱，扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜技术用于检测粉末表面和内部氧化物的生成，演变以及所制备的ODS中氧化物纳米颗粒的类型合金。发现在低温氧化过程中在粉末表面上形成氧化铁层。并且在高温下热处理后，氧化铁层将分解。在合并过程中，氧化铝和氧化钇反应生成纳米级Y–Al–O颗粒所需的氧气主要来自氧化铁层在高温下的分解和氧气的向内扩散。使用直接氧化工艺，YAlO_3种纳米颗粒分散在Fe-Cr-Al ODS合金的晶粒和晶界中。