Based on the contact electrification and electrostatic induction, triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) can convert the ambient mechanical energy into an electrical one. Having a role as both an energy storage and an output device, the enhancement of the TENG performance can be achieved by increasing their capacitance. Since the capacitance of tribo-materials can be engineered by their thickness and dielectric constant, we attempted to produce porous polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composites with Au nanoparticles (NPs) to engineer the capacitance. To this end, PDMS elastomers with various pore sizes were produced using sugar particles with a range of grain sizes. Then, the hydrophobic surface of PDMS elastomer was coated with polydopamine (PDA) to promote the homogeneous deposition of hydrophilic Au NPs on the PDMS surface. By using PDMS/PDA/Au composites, here we show the importance of pore size in adjusting the capacitance of the tribo-material. In particular, decoration of the PDMS surface with Au NPs engineered the dielectric constant of PDMS/PDA/Au composites, while the introduction of pores reduced the thickness of the composites under external pressure. Consequently, PDMS/PDA/Au composites exhibited enhanced TENG performance in a pore-size dependent manner.

基于接触带电和静电感应，摩擦电纳米发电机（TENG）可以将周围的机械能转换为电能。TENG既可以充当能量存储设备，又可以充当输出设备，可以通过增加其电容来增强TENG性能。由于摩擦材料的电容可以通过其厚度和介电常数进行工程设计，因此我们尝试生产具有Au纳米颗粒（NPs）的多孔聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）复合材料来设计电容。为此，使用具有一定粒度范围的糖颗粒生产了具有各种孔径的PDMS弹性体。然后，在PDMS弹性体的疏水表面上涂覆聚多巴胺（PDA），以促进亲水Au Au NPs在PDMS表面上的均匀沉积。通过使用PDMS / PDA / Au复合材料，在这里我们显示了孔径在调节摩擦材料电容方面的重要性。特别是，用金纳米颗粒装饰PDMS表面可以控制PDMS / PDA / Au复合材料的介电常数，而引入孔会降低外部压力下复合材料的厚度。因此，PDMS / PDA / Au复合材料以取决于孔径的方式表现出增强的TENG性能。