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A Two-Step Model of Human Entrainment: A Quantitative Study of Circadian Period and Phase of Entrainment
Bulletin of Mathematical Biology ( IF 2.0 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-07 , DOI: 10.1007/s11538-020-00829-5
Zheming An 1 , Nathaniel J Merrill 1 , Kwangwon Lee 1 , Rémi Robin 2 , Amaury Hayat 1, 3 , Olivia Zapfe 4 , Benedetto Piccoli 1
Affiliation  

One of the essential characteristics of an authentic circadian clock is that the free-running period sustains an approximately 24-hour cycle. When organisms are exposed to an external stimulus, the endogenous oscillators synchronize to the cycling environment signal in a process known as entrainment. These environmental cues perform an important role in resetting the phase and period of the circadian clock. A “generalized assumption” states that when an organism has a short period, it will experience a phase advance, while an organism with a long period experiences a phase delay. Despite widespread use, this positive relationship relating period to the phase of entrainment does not describe all known experimental data. We developed a two-step entrainment model to explain a broader range of results as well as provide more quantitative analysis. We prove existence and stability of periodic orbits and given analytical solutions of the range of entrainment, fit the phase trajectory over the entire entrainment process to data from a published study for 12 subjects in extended day cycles, i.e., longer than 24 h. Our simulations closely replicated the phase data and predicted correctly the phase of entrainment. We investigate the factors related to the rate of entrainment (ROE) and present the three-dimensional parameter spaces, illustrating the various behaviors of the phase of entrainment and ROE. Our findings can be applied to diagnostics and treatments for patients with sleep disorders caused by shift work or jet lag.

中文翻译:

人类夹带的两步模型:昼夜节律和夹带阶段的定量研究

真正的生物钟的基本特征之一是自由运行期维持大约 24 小时的周期。当生物体受到外部刺激时,内源性振荡器在称为夹带的过程中与循环环境信号同步。这些环境线索在重置生物钟的相位和周期方面发挥着重要作用。一个“广义假设”指出,当一个生物体的周期短时,它会经历一个相位超前,而一个长周期的生物体经历一个相位延迟。尽管被广泛使用,但与夹带阶段相关的这种正相关关系并未描述所有已知的实验数据。我们开发了一个两步夹带模型来解释更广泛的结果并提供更多的定量分析。我们证明了周期性轨道的存在和稳定性,并给出了夹带范围的解析解,将整个夹带过程中的相位轨迹与来自已发表研究的数据相匹配,该研究针对 12 名受试者在延长的日周期中进行,即超过 24 小时。我们的模拟密切复制了相位数据并正确预测了夹带相位。我们研究了与夹带率 (ROE) 相关的因素并呈现了三维参数空间,说明了夹带和 ROE 阶段的各种行为。我们的研究结果可用于诊断和治疗由轮班工作或时差引起的睡眠障碍患者。将整个夹带过程中的相位轨迹与来自已发表研究的数据相匹配,该研究针对 12 名受试者在延长的日周期内进行,即超过 24 小时。我们的模拟密切复制了相位数据并正确预测了夹带相位。我们研究了与夹带率 (ROE) 相关的因素并呈现了三维参数空间,说明了夹带和 ROE 阶段的各种行为。我们的研究结果可用于诊断和治疗由轮班工作或时差引起的睡眠障碍患者。将整个夹带过程中的相位轨迹与来自已发表研究的数据相匹配,该研究针对 12 名受试者在延长的日周期内进行,即超过 24 小时。我们的模拟密切复制了相位数据并正确预测了夹带相位。我们研究了与夹带率 (ROE) 相关的因素并呈现了三维参数空间,说明了夹带和 ROE 阶段的各种行为。我们的研究结果可用于诊断和治疗由轮班工作或时差引起的睡眠障碍患者。我们研究了与夹带率 (ROE) 相关的因素并呈现了三维参数空间,说明了夹带和 ROE 阶段的各种行为。我们的研究结果可用于诊断和治疗由轮班工作或时差引起的睡眠障碍患者。我们研究了与夹带率 (ROE) 相关的因素并呈现了三维参数空间,说明了夹带和 ROE 阶段的各种行为。我们的研究结果可用于诊断和治疗由轮班工作或时差引起的睡眠障碍患者。
更新日期:2021-01-07
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