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Discharge recession patterns of karstic springs as observed in Triassic carbonate aquifers of Slovakia
Hydrogeology Journal ( IF 2.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-05 , DOI: 10.1007/s10040-020-02276-x
Peter Malík , Jaromír Švasta , Peter Bajtoš , Miloš Gregor

Master recession curves of 117 karstic springs from Middle and Upper Triassic carbonate aquifers in the Slovakian territory of the mountainous Western Carpathians were assembled from gauged discharge data. Identified slow-flow and fast-flow components were very diversely represented. Fast-flow components were missing in 47% of springs. In another 20% of springs, only fast-flow components were recognized, while slow-flow components were absent. Simultaneous discharge of both slow-flow and fast-flow components was found at 39 springs (33%). Known geology of recharge areas enabled examination of the impact that outcropping dolomites and/or limestones may pose to the discharge recession. It was found that dolomites in springsheds significantly affect slow-flow components, but do not influence the occurrence of the fast-flow ones. The purely fast-flow-driven recession was present both in limestone and dolomitic springsheds, but merely one fast-flow component was typical for the dolomitic ones. Two or three fast-flow components may appear in “purely limestone” springsheds. Recession coefficients of slow-flow components were within the interval of 0.0004–0.18 days−1 and those of fast-flow within 0.0017–0.31 days−1. The duration of the fast-flow components is mostly several days or several tens of days, while the theoretical duration of slow-flow may last for decades. Storage in matrix, fractures or conduits of the saturated zone cannot be separately estimated because, in discharged volumes, water from unsaturated and epikarst zones is included. Variable shapes of assembled master recession curves point to the important influence of unsaturated and epikarst zones on the discharge recessional patterns of karst springs.



中文翻译:

斯洛伐克三叠纪碳酸盐岩含水层中岩溶泉水的排放衰退模式

根据测量的流量数据,绘制了西喀尔巴阡山脉斯洛伐克境内中,上三叠统碳酸盐含水层的117个岩溶泉水的主衰退曲线。识别出的慢流量和快流量组件的表示方式非常不同。47%的弹簧缺少快速流动部件。在另外20%的弹簧中,仅识别出快速流动的分量,而缺少慢流动的分量。在39个弹簧(33%)处同时发现了缓慢流动和快速流动成分的同时排出。补给区的已知地质条件使得能够检查露头白云岩和/或石灰石可能对排放衰退造成的影响。已经发现,泉水中的白云岩显着影响慢流组分,但不影响快流组分的发生。在石灰岩和白云质的泉水中都存在纯流动驱动的衰退,但是对于白云质的泉水,只有一种快速流动的成分是典型的。在“纯石灰岩”泉眼中可能会出现两个或三个快速流动成分。慢流成分的衰退系数在0.0004–0.18天之间-1和0.0017-0.31天内-1的快速流动。快速流动成分的持续时间大部分为几天或几十天,而缓慢流动的理论持续时间可能持续数十年。在饱和区的基质,裂缝或导管中的存储量无法单独估算,因为在排放量中,包括了来自非饱和区和表岩溶区的水。组装后的主凹陷曲线的可变形状指出了非饱和和表层岩溶带对岩溶泉水排出凹陷样式的重要影响。

更新日期:2021-01-05
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