The cleavage pattern of a vertebrate’s embryo is either holoblastic (complete) or meroblastic (partial). Sturgeon and other basal bony fishes represent a transition of the cleavage pattern. To understand the transition, it is essential to develop an effective technique for the inhibition of specific blastomere cleavage. So far, various studies have demonstrated that diatom-derived polyunsaturated aldehyde (PUA), 2,4-decadienal (DD)—a model aldehyde for experimental studies—adversely affects the developing embryos of several aquatic species. In this study, we employed DD for inhibition of cleavage of a definite blastomere in sturgeon embryos under various conditions. The effective treatment was found to be a combination of DD injection (0.01 v/v) and visible light (44.86–91.15 W m −2 ). Notably, DD injection or light irradiation alone cannot inhibit cleavage. Furthermore, spatial RNA localization analysis using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR)-tomography revealed that the localized pattern of selected maternal messenger ribonucleic acids (mRNAs) remained constant along the animal–vegetal (A-V) axis, which suggests that RNA localization is completed by the end of oogenesis and that early embryonic cleavage is not required for A-V asymmetry preservation.

中文翻译：

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小鲟胚胎中确定卵裂球抑制和母体RNA分布的新技术

脊椎动物胚胎的卵裂模式是完整的（完整的）或有幼细胞的（部分的）。鲟鱼和其他基部硬骨鱼代表了卵裂模式的转变。要了解这种转变，必须开发一种有效的技术来抑制特定的卵裂球分裂。迄今为止，各种研究表明，硅藻衍生的多不饱和醛 (PUA)、2,4-癸二烯醛 (DD)——一种用于实验研究的模型醛——对几种水生物种的胚胎发育产生不利影响。在这项研究中，我们采用 DD 来抑制各种条件下鲟鱼胚胎中特定卵裂球的分裂。发现有效的治疗是 DD 注射 (0.01 v/v) 和可见光 (44.86–91.15 W m -2 ) 的组合。尤其，单独的 DD 注射或光照射不能抑制裂解。此外，使用定量聚合酶链反应 (qPCR)-断层扫描的空间 RNA 定位分析显示，选定的母体信使核糖核酸 (mRNA) 的定位模式沿动物 - 植物 (AV) 轴保持不变，这表明 RNA 定位是通过卵子发生的结束，并且 AV 不对称性保存不需要早期胚胎分裂。