Abstract As long-lived, slow-growing tree species, European yew (Taxus baccata L.) has considerable potential for dendrochronological use. The increasing probability of decline and the worsening of yew health status endanger the species diversity of temperate forests. In 2015–2017, we sampled adult yew populations with scattered occurrence in limestone beech forests (Fagetum dealpinum), in which yew trees exhibit the top growth performance. Altogether, 150 trees were sampled (294 cores) at four localities. By using the general linear model, we investigated the interactions between stem and crown status, sex and growth performance of yew trees. Based on the previous results and innovative measures of competition and canopy closure, we explored the promotion of silviculture care for female over the male trees and formulated exact release cutting rules. The results demonstrate divergent growth trends between male and female trees and the pronounced negative effects of crown and stem damage on growth performance of European yew. Expected decreases in radial growth of damaged female trees in comparison with male ones is less confirmed. Despite this, making silvicultural treatments for females as a priority is recommendable. Our findings can improve the effectiveness of forest management and restoration activities in European temperate forests, where yew adults are threatened by the higher degree of shading and herbivory pressure.

中文翻译：

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欧洲红豆杉在中东欧茎干损伤、树冠活力和生长性能之间的相互作用

摘要 作为长寿、生长缓慢的树种，欧洲红豆杉 (Taxus baccata L.) 具有相当大的树木年代学利用潜力。衰退概率的增加和红豆杉健康状况的恶化危及温带森林的物种多样性。2015-2017 年，我们对石灰岩山毛榉林 (Fagetum dealpinum) 中分散出现的成年红豆杉种群进行了采样，其中红豆杉树表现出最佳的生长性能。总共在四个地点采样了 150 棵树（294 个核心）。通过使用一般线性模型，我们研究了红豆杉树的茎和树冠状态、性别和生长性能之间的相互作用。基于之前的成果和创新的竞争和树冠关闭措施，探索在雄树上推广雌树育林，并制定了准确的放割规则。结果表明，雄性和雌性树木之间的生长趋势不同，冠和茎损伤对欧洲红豆杉的生长性能有明显的负面影响。与雄性树木相比，受损雌性树木的径向生长的预期减少较少得到证实。尽管如此，建议优先考虑对雌性进行造林治疗。我们的研究结果可以提高欧洲温带森林中森林管理和恢复活动的有效性，那里的红豆杉成虫受到较高程度的遮荫和食草压力的威胁。结果表明，雄性和雌性树木之间的生长趋势不同，冠和茎损伤对欧洲红豆杉的生长性能有明显的负面影响。与雄性树木相比，受损雌性树木的径向生长的预期减少较少得到证实。尽管如此，建议优先考虑对雌性进行造林治疗。我们的研究结果可以提高欧洲温带森林中森林管理和恢复活动的有效性，那里的红豆杉成虫受到较高程度的遮荫和食草压力的威胁。结果表明，雄性和雌性树木之间的生长趋势不同，冠和茎损伤对欧洲红豆杉的生长性能有明显的负面影响。与雄性树木相比，受损雌性树木的径向生长的预期减少较少得到证实。尽管如此，建议优先考虑对雌性进行造林治疗。我们的研究结果可以提高欧洲温带森林中森林管理和恢复活动的有效性，那里的红豆杉成虫受到较高程度的遮荫和食草压力的威胁。