Abstract

The mechanical deboning of fish carcasses generates large volumes of water with proteins and other nutrients that are directly discarded. This study aimed to demonstrate the industrial value of minced tilapia wash-water (MTW-W) by determining its proximate composition and amino acid content, functional properties (solubility, foaming and emulsifying properties), antioxidant activity and potential as microbial growth medium. MTW-W showed a high crude protein content and a high content in essential amino acids for human and animal nutrition. A high protein diversity was detected in MTW-W by SDS-PAGE, including low-molecular-weight proteins that could serve as nitrogen source in bioprocesses. MTW-W demonstrated a high solubility in water and remarkable foaming properties over a wide pH range, but a limited emulsifying activity. A high antioxidant activity in terms of 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging was also detected, probably due to the high content in hydrophobic amino acids and those containing sulphur. Moreover, MTW-W showed a high efficiency for the growth of Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes and Staphylococcus aureus. Therefore, the present study demonstrated the potential of MTW-W as functional additive with antioxidant activity and nitrogen source in bioprocesses, which would increase the sustainability of the tilapia processing and reduce the environmental impact.

Graphic Abstract

中文翻译：

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切碎的罗非鱼（Oreochromis niloticus）洗涤水的组成，功能特性，抗氧化活性和作为细菌生长培养基的效率

摘要

鱼尸的机械去骨产生大量的水，蛋白质和其他营养物质被直接丢弃。这项研究旨在通过确定罗非鱼洗净水（MTW-W）的成分和氨基酸含量，功能特性（溶解性，起泡和乳化特性），抗氧化活性以及作为微生物生长培养基的潜力，来证明其工业价值。MTW-W显示出高的粗蛋白含量和人体和动物营养必需氨基酸的含量。通过SDS-PAGE在MTW-W中检测到较高的蛋白质多样性，包括可以用作生物过程中氮源的低分子量蛋白质。MTW-W在很宽的pH范围内显示出高的水溶性和出色的起泡性能，但乳化活性有限。根据2,2'-叠氮基双（3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸）（ABTS）和2,2-二苯基-1-吡啶并肼基（DPPH）自由基清除的高抗氧化活性，可能是由于疏水性氨基酸和含硫氨基酸的含量很高。此外，MTW-W表现出较高的生长效率。大肠杆菌，单核细胞增生性李斯特菌和金黄色葡萄球菌。因此，本研究证明了MTW-W作为生物过程中具有抗氧化剂活性和氮源的功能性添加剂的潜力，这将增加罗非鱼加工的可持续性并减少对环境的影响。

图形摘要