Indian Remote Sensing (IRS) program has always focused on food security needs and applications. IRS-1C was the fourth satellite on the IRS platform after many successful applications from IRS-1A, 1B, and P2 satellites. The LISS-I and LISS-II camera onboard IRS-1A/1B/P2 platform provided useful data for various natural resource management applications of country, including inventories of major crops (Wheat, Mustard, Rice, etc.), at the district level. Looking at specific requirements of assessment of multiple crops and associated small field sizes (< 1 ha) in which they are sown, it was felt that spatial and spectral resolution should be improved for assessing more crops and for improved crop discrimination. It was also decided to cater to the needs of village-level crop inventories as well as national-scale crop assessment. Hence, two new sensors, i.e., PAN (spatial resolution 5.8 m) and WiFS (spatial resolution 188 m) camera were introduced in the IRS-1C mission along with LISS-III (spatial resolution 23.5 m). Additionally, the LISS-III sensor, with the inclusion of the SWIR band, led to a significant improvement in crop classification and paved the way for monitoring both mono-cropped and multi-cropped regions. The availability of WIFS data with high temporal resolution (5 days) and large swath (810 km) gave newer applications like the national-level inventory of wheat crop. Pan-sharpened LISS-III data were found to be useful in cadastral level mapping. This paper reviews how the improvements in spatial, spectral, and temporal resolutions in IRS-1C helped in carrying out various agricultural applications including crop inventory at different scales, yield modeling, crop rotation mapping, cropping system analysis, drought assessment, irrigation management, and infrastructure planning.

中文翻译：

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IRS-1C 数据对农业监测的贡献：综述

印度遥感 (IRS) 计划始终关注食品安全需求和应用。IRS-1C 是继 IRS-1A、1B 和 P2 卫星多次成功应用后，IRS 平台上的第四颗卫星。IRS-1A/1B/P2 平台上的 LISS-I 和 LISS-II 相机为国家的各种自然资源管理应用提供了有用的数据，包括地区级主要作物（小麦、芥末、水稻等）的清单. 考虑到评估多种作物和相关的小面积（< 1 公顷）播种它们的具体要求，人们认为应该提高空间和光谱分辨率以评估更多作物和改善作物辨别力。它还决定满足村级作物清单以及全国范围的作物评估的需要。因此，IRS-1C 任务中引入了两个新传感器，即 PAN（空间分辨率 5.8 m）和 WiFS（空间分辨率 188 m）相机以及 LISS-III（空间分辨率 23.5 m）。此外，包含 SWIR 波段的 LISS-III 传感器显着改善了作物分类，并为监测单作和多作区域铺平了道路。具有高时间分辨率（5 天）和大面积（810 公里）的 WIFS 数据的可用性提供了更新的应用，例如国家级小麦作物清单。发现全色锐化 LISS-III 数据可用于地籍水平映射。本文回顾了 IRS-1C 空间、光谱和时间分辨率的改进如何帮助开展各种农业应用，包括不同规模的作物清单、产量建模、