The continuous increase in anthropogenic carbon dioxide (CO₂) emission resulting in global climate change has been of great concern in the past decades. With the renewable hydrogen resource being more realistic, the transformation of CO₂ with hydrogen into value-added chemicals becomes a promising route to address the environment and climate issues. The chemical synthesis of alcohols which serve as chemical building blocks and the hydrogen energy carrier through direct CO₂ hydrogenation has attracted more attention and been studied extensively nowadays. There remain major challenges in developing catalysts with high activity, selectivity and stability. In this review, we summarize the state of the art advances and perspectives in direct CO₂ hydrogenation to methanol and other higher alcohols. We focus on the catalyst design, mechanistic investigation and the structure-performance relations of two categories of catalysts, noble metal and non-noble metal. Then, we propose an outlook for further catalyst design and study in this area.

在过去的几十年中，导致全球气候变化的人为排放的二氧化碳（CO ₂）不断增加。随着可再生氢资源的日益现实化，利用氢将CO ₂转化为增值化学品成为解决环境和气候问题的有前途的途径。通过直接CO ₂加氢，作为化学结构单元和氢能载体的醇的化学合成已引起人们的广泛关注，并已被广泛研究。在开发具有高活性，选择性和稳定性的催化剂方面仍然存在主要挑战。在这篇综述中，我们总结了直接CO ₂的最新进展和观点。加氢成甲醇和其他高级醇。我们专注于贵金属和非贵金属两类催化剂的催化剂设计，机理研究和结构-性能关系。然后，我们提出了在该领域进一步催化剂设计和研究的前景。