Abstract

Inflammation and oxidative stress are the main pathological processes that accompany ischemic injury of kidneys and other organs. Based on this, these factors are often chosen as a target for treatment of acute kidney injury (AKI) in a variety of experimental and clinical studies. Note, that since these two components are closely interrelated during AKI development, substances that treat one of the processes often affect the other. The review considers several groups of promising nephroprotectors that have both anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. For example, many antioxidants, such as vitamins, polyphenolic compounds, and mitochondria-targeted antioxidants, not only reduce production of the reactive oxygen species in the cell but also modulate activity of the immune cells. On the other hand, immunosuppressors and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs that primarily affect inflammation also reduce oxidative stress under some conditions. Another group of therapeutics is represented by hormones, such as estrogens and melatonin, which significantly reduce severity of the kidney damage through modulation of both these processes. We conclude that drugs with combined anti-inflammatory and antioxidant capacities are the most promising agents for the treatment of acute ischemic kidney injury.

中文翻译：

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针对炎症和氧化应激作为缺血性肾脏损伤的治疗方法

摘要

炎症和氧化应激是伴随肾脏和其他器官缺血性损伤的主要病理过程。基于此，在各种实验和临床研究中，通常将这些因素选作治疗急性肾损伤（AKI）的靶标。请注意，由于这两个组件在AKI开发过程中紧密相关，因此处理其中一个过程的物质通常会影响另一个过程。该评论考虑了几类有希望的既具有抗炎作用又具有抗氧化作用的肾保护剂。例如，许多抗氧化剂，例如维生素，多酚化合物和针对线粒体的抗氧化剂，不仅减少了细胞中活性氧的产生，而且还调节了免疫细胞的活性。另一方面，在某些情况下，主要影响炎症的免疫抑制剂和非甾体类抗炎药也会减少氧化应激。另一组治疗药物以激素（例如雌激素和褪黑激素）为代表，它们通过调节这两个过程而显着降低了肾脏损害的严重程度。我们得出的结论是，具有抗炎和抗氧化功能的药物是治疗急性缺血性肾损伤的最有希望的药物。