Abstract Nordlinger & Sadler’s (2004. Nominal tense in crosslinguistic perspective. Language 80. 776–806) seminal work fostered an intense debate on the semantics of nominal tense systems, with the side effect of widening the typological coverage of this grammatical feature. This paper aims at contributing to the ongoing debate. In contrast with work by Tonhauser, who excluded ‘tense’ as a semantic component of the Paraguayan Guaraní nominal tense system, the paper claims that all TAM dimensions are involved – temporality, aspect, modality – with different proportions in the individual markers. Most importantly, it claims that nominal tense does not presuppose a semantics of its own, other than the one needed for verbal tenses. Moreover, the paper presents evidence that the semantic component of aspect, besides being necessarily activated in any nominal tense marker, is also directly conveyed by some of them, which can legitimately be called ‘nominal aspect’ markers. This integrates Nordlinger & Sadler’s (2004) survey, in which aspect was notably absent. In addition, the paper points out possible cases of nominal actionality (a.k.a. Aktionsart). Finally, the paper suggests that the pervasive presence of aspect (and also, but rarely, actionality) among nominal tense markers finds interesting parallels in some types of deverbal nominalizations, although these belong in another grammatical drawer.

中文翻译：

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名义时

摘要Nordlinger＆Sadler（2004.跨语言学的名词性时态。语言80. 776–806）开创性的工作引起了对名词性时态系统语义的激烈辩论，其副作用是扩大了这种语法特征的类型学范围。本文旨在为正在进行的辩论做出贡献。与Tonhauser的工作相反，Tonhauser排除了“时态”作为巴拉圭瓜拉尼名义时态系统的语义组成部分，该论文声称，所有TAM维度都涉及到–时间性，方面，形式–在各个标记中所占的比例不同。最重要的是，它声称名词性时态不以其自身的语义为前提，而是言语时态所需的语义。此外，本文提供了证据表明方面的语义成分，除了必须以任何名义时态标记激活外，还可以由其中一些直接传达，可以合理地称为“名义方面”标记。这整合了Nordlinger＆Sadler（2004）的调查，在该调查中，该方面明显缺乏。此外，本文还指出了名义行为的可能情况（又名Aktionsart）。最后，本文提出，名义时态标记中普遍存在的方面（以及很少但有行动性）在某些类型的副词名词化中找到了有趣的相似之处，尽管它们属于另一个语法抽屉。本文指出了名义上的行动性的可能情况（又名Aktionsart）。最后，本文提出，名义时态标记中普遍存在的方面（以及很少但有行动性）在某些类型的副词名词化中找到了有趣的相似之处，尽管它们属于另一个语法抽屉。本文指出了名义上的行动性的可能情况（又名Aktionsart）。最后，本文提出，名义时态标记中普遍存在的方面（以及很少但有行动性）在某些类型的副词名词化中找到了有趣的相似之处，尽管它们属于另一个语法抽屉。