Abstract In Dinka, a predominantly monosyllabic and highly fusional Western Nilotic language, vowel quality alternation in the root plays a major and systematic role in the morphology of verbs, together with alternations in vowel length, voice quality, and tone. Earlier work has shown that in the inflection of simple, i.e., underived, transitive verbs, the vowel quality alternation conforms to a vowel height gradation system with three vowel grades. The present article shows that this vowel gradation system is also operative in the morphology of derived verbs with a transitive root, but with certain modifications. These include a different distribution of the vowel grades and interaction with a shift in voice quality, to breathy voice.

中文翻译：

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丁卡语动词衍生中的元音质量变化：琼脂变体

摘要在主要是单音节和高度融合的西方Nilotic语言Dinka中，根音中的元音质量变化在动词的形态中起着重要的系统性作用，同时元音长度，语音质量和音调也发生变化。早期的工作表明，在简单的，即从属的，及物动词的变形中，元音质量的变化符合具有三个元音等级的元音高度分级系统。本文表明，该元音分级系统也可用于带有及物词根但有某些修改的派生动词的形态。这些包括元音等级的不同分布以及与语音质量的变化到呼吸音的交互作用。