Abstract

Self-organized criticality is considered as a threshold stage of autowave self-organization in the evolutionary process. The proposed model defines self-organized criticality as a set of threshold parameters of the autowave system of equations. Consequently, it is associated with the formation of a qualitatively new biological structure (a new species). Experimental data on the mutation rate for groups of mice and unicellular eukaryotes that are published in the scientific literature are used to construct an autowave model of speciation at the population level. This model approach demonstrates compliance with the available experimental data in the process of fixing recessive mutations: there are three stages of fixation of mutations (accumulation of phenotypic differences, the threshold level of the mutation rate, and elimination of mutation carriers) and the maximum mutation rate when the mismatch repair system and the DNA polymerase \(\delta\) proofreading activity are disabled. The percolation model of mutations with a delayed mutation rate is used to analyze the dynamics of the number of mutants in generations. The results demonstrate exact correspondence between the use of autowave model and percolation model of mutation fixation for calculating and analyzing the dynamics of the mutation rate and the number of mutation carriers.

中文翻译：

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形态自动波模型中的自组织临界

摘要

自组织的临界度被认为是进化过程中自动波自组织的阈值阶段。所提出的模型将自组织临界度定义为方程自动波系统的一组阈值参数。因此，它与定性的新生物结构（新物种）的形成有关。科学文献中发表的有关小鼠和单细胞真核生物群体突变率的实验数据被用于构建种群水平上物种形成的自动波模型。这种模型方法证明了在固定隐性突变的过程中符合现有的实验数据：固定突变分为三个阶段（表型差异的累积，突变率的阈值水平，\（\ delta \）校对活动被禁用。具有延迟突变率的突变的渗流模型用于分析世代中突变体数目的动态。结果表明，利用自动波模型和突变固定的渗流模型来计算和分析突变率和突变携带者数量的动力学之间存在精确的对应关系。