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Hello, goodbye: When do states withdraw from international organizations?
The Review of International Organizations ( IF 4.5 ) Pub Date : 2019-04-22 , DOI: 10.1007/s11558-019-09352-2
Inken von Borzyskowski , Felicity Vabulas

Under what conditions do states withdraw from intergovernmental organizations (IGOs)? Recent events such as Brexit, the US withdrawal from UNESCO, and US threats to withdraw from NAFTA, NATO, and the World Trade Organization have triggered widespread concern because they appear to signify a backlash against international organizations. Some observers attribute this recent surge to increasing nationalism. But does this explanation hold up as a more general explanation for IGO withdrawals across time and space? Despite many studies of why states join IGOs, we know surprisingly little about when and why states exit IGOs. We use research on IGO accession to derive potential explanations for IGO withdrawal related to domestic politics, IGO characteristics, and geo-politics. We quantitatively test these potential explanations for withdrawal using an original dataset of 493 IGOs since 1945, documenting about 200 cases of withdrawal. We find that nationalism is not the key driver of IGO withdrawals in the past. Instead, we show that geo-political factors – such as preference divergence and contagion – are the main factors linked to IGO withdrawals, followed by democracy levels in the country and organization. These findings have important implications for research on the vitality of international organizations, compliance, and the liberal world order.

中文翻译:

您好,再见:各州何时退出国际组织?

国家在什么条件下退出政府间组织(IGO)?最近的事件,例如英国退欧,美国退出联合国教科文组织以及美国威胁要退出北美自由贸易协定,北约和世界贸易组织,引起了广泛的关注,因为它们似乎预示着对国际组织的强烈反对。一些观察家将最近的这种上升归因于民族主义的增强。但是,这种解释是否可以作为跨时空跨政府间组织撤出的更一般性解释?尽管有很多关于国家为什么加入IGO的研究,但我们对于国家何时以及为何退出IGO知之甚少。我们使用有关IGO加入的研究来得出与国内政治,IGO特征和地缘政治有关的IGO退出的潜在解释。自1945年以来,我们使用493个IGO的原始数据集对这些可能的撤离解释进行了定量测试,记录了约200例撤离案例。我们发现,民族主义并不是过去政府间组织撤离的主要驱动力。相反,我们表明,地缘政治因素(例如偏好分歧和传染性)是与IGO撤军相关的主要因素,其次是国家和组织的民主水平。这些发现对研究国际组织的活力,合规性和自由世界秩序具有重要意义。我们证明,地缘政治因素(例如偏好分歧和传染性)是与IGO撤军相关的主要因素,其次是国家和组织的民主水平。这些发现对研究国际组织的活力,合规性和自由世界秩序具有重要意义。我们证明,地缘政治因素(例如偏好分歧和传染性)是与IGO撤军相关的主要因素,其次是国家和组织的民主水平。这些发现对研究国际组织的活力,合规性和自由世界秩序具有重要意义。
更新日期:2019-04-22
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