The present study examined the construct validity of the PPI-SF, testing both its factor structure and the convergent and discriminant validity. Using a community sample of 1257 community members (869 females, 378 males), we tested whether a three-factor or an eight-factor model best fit the data and tested the links between the resultant factor structures and external correlates. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and exploratory factor analysis (EFA) findings revealed an eight-factor model best fit the data, followed by a three-factor model. Next, comparisons were made regarding the convergent and discriminant validity of the competing three- and eight-factor models. Findings showed that both models had meaningful relations with external variables, such as neuroticism, stress tolerance, and lack of empathy. The three-factor model revealed psychometric problems with the fearless dominance (FD) scale which did not exhibit good convergent discriminant validity. However, the three-factor model may consolidate the adaptive healthy traits. The eight-factor model had some additional problems with the fearlessness factor, however, showing that adaptive traits were spread across several PPI-SF factors. These findings underscore not only the importance of examining factor structure fit statistics, but also convergent and discriminant validity. The current findings suggest that both the three-and eight-factor models are viable ways to interpret the PPI-SF. However, the factors vary in whether they index adaptive or maladaptive traits. We offer some recommendations for clinicians regarding how to interpret FD and fearlessness and other trait domains within the broader psychopathy framework.

中文翻译：

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精神病性人格量表-短表格的模型拟合和收敛性与判别有效性：竞争模型的比较

本研究检查了PPI-SF的构造效度，测试了其因子结构以及收敛和判别效度。我们使用1257位社区成员（869位女性，378位男性）的社区样本，测试了三因素模型还是八因素模型最适合数据，并测试了所得因素结构与外部相关因素之间的联系。验证性因素分析（CFA）和探索性因素分析（EFA）的发现表明，最适合数据的是八因素模型，其次是三因素模型。接下来，对竞争性三因素和八因素模型的收敛性和判别有效性进行了比较。研究结果表明，两个模型都与外部变量（例如神经质，压力承受能力和缺乏同情心）具有有意义的关系。三因素模型揭示了无畏优势（FD）量表的心理计量学问题，该问题没有表现出良好的收敛判别效度。但是，三因素模型可以巩固适应性健康特征。八因子模型在无畏因子方面还有一些其他问题，但是，表明适应性状分布在多个PPI-SF因子中。这些发现不仅强调了检验因子结构拟合统计的重要性，而且强调了收敛性和判别性的有效性。目前的发现表明，三因素模型和八因素模型都是解释PPI-SF的可行方法。但是，这些因素是否在索引适应性或适应不良性状方面有所不同。