Abstract

The developed industries are utilized natural waste fibers as a clean criteria device. This work utilized natural composite membranes in the treatment of wastewater to remove different pollutants such as heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu), chemical groups as (phenolic compound, acid and basic surfactants) in addition to modify pH values. This membrane was manufactured by solution polymerization between polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution (1/3 PVOH/H₂O) and date palm wastes (leaf and stems) at different mixing ratios 30/70, 50/50, and 70/30 wt % from PVOH and different date palm wastes (leaf and stem). These reactants are introduced at 80°C in a batch reactor for one hour with continuous mixing until reach homogenous aqueous solutions. Then left it for half an hour to give stable form then put it in a suitable moulds coated by paraffin film, dried under insulated oven for 3 h. Afterward different utilization conditions were studied such as type of natural waste (leaf and stem), particle size of these wastes 150 and 250 µm, and additive ratios of them 30/70, 50/50, and 70/30, respectively. All prepared composite membrane give good removal for different pollutants as heavy metals and chemical groups with preferences for samples used stem natural wastes and small particle size 250 micron rather than leaf type with 100% removal efficiency for industrial waste water from petroleum refinery . Optimum conditions that give high efficiency for removal are 250 micron particle size, stem type, and 70/30 mixing ratio from this waste, respectively. XRD, SEM, and EDS analysis proved the same above results of excellent selective adsorptive separation of both heavy metals and chemical pollutants groups (phenol and surfactant) for optimum samples nos. 4 and 8.

中文翻译：

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天然纤维（枣棕纤维和茎杆）增强聚合物复合膜的制备及其在工业废水处理中的应用

摘要

发达的工业利用天然废纤维作为清洁标准设备。这项工作利用天然复合膜处理废水，以去除不同的污染物，例如重金属（Cd，Cr，Cu），化学基团（酚类化合物，酸和碱性表面活性剂），以及改变pH值。该膜通过在聚乙烯醇水溶液（1/3 PVOH / H ₂O）和枣椰子废料（叶和茎）以PVOH和不同枣椰子废料（叶和茎）的不同混合比30 / 70、50 / 50和70/30 wt％混合。将这些反应物在间歇式反应器中于80℃下引入1小时并连续混合直至达到均匀的水溶液。然后将其放置半小时，以得到稳定的形式，然后将其放入石蜡薄膜覆盖的合适模具中，在绝缘烘箱中干燥3小时。之后，研究了不同的利用条件，例如天然废物的类型（叶和茎），这些废物的粒径为150和250 µm，以及它们的添加比例分别为30 / 70、50 / 50和70/30。所有制备的复合膜都能很好地去除重金属和化学基团等不同污染物，特别适合使用干自然废料和小粒径250微米的样品，而不是叶型样品，对炼油厂的工业废水的去除效率为100％。产生高效率去除的最佳条件分别是从该废物中分离出250微米的粒径，茎类型和70/30的混合比。XRD，SEM和EDS分析证明，对于最佳样品编号，重金属和化学污染物组（苯酚和表面活性剂）均具有出色的选择性吸附分离的出色结果。4和8。废料的混合比分别为70和30/30。XRD，SEM和EDS分析证明，对于最佳样品编号，重金属和化学污染物组（苯酚和表面活性剂）均具有出色的选择性吸附分离的出色结果。4和8。废料的混合比分别为70和30/30。XRD，SEM和EDS分析证明，对于最佳样品编号，重金属和化学污染物组（苯酚和表面活性剂）均具有出色的选择性吸附分离的出色结果。4和8。