Concrete is often used in building, bridges, dams, roads and other infrastructures. However, the porosities and natural hydrophilicity of concrete often induce the damage of the concrete architecture or other disasters. Endowing the concrete with superhydrophobicity can effectively improve the antifreeze–thaw, anti-corrosion and anti-icing properties and expand the application prospect of concrete in the modern construction industry. Despite all this, the compressive strength of superhydrophobic concrete is not high enough, limiting its application. Here, we maintained superhydrophobic concrete for 28 days and improved the compressive strength for 3.5 times from 10 MPa to 34.48 MPa. The main mechanism is that calcium silicate hydrate structures grow with the increase in maintenance time and make the inside microstructures connected more closely. In addition, XPS spectra were also collected to investigate the chemical compositions of the superhydrophobic concrete. A series of tests were carried out on superhydrophobic concrete and indicated that the superhydrophobic concrete after maintenance had high surface robustness, anti-corrosion property and high anti-icing and deicing capacity, showing the application value.

中文翻译：

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维持高抗压强度的超疏水混凝土

混凝土通常用于建筑、桥梁、水坝、道路和其他基础设施。然而，混凝土的孔隙率和天然亲水性往往会导致混凝土建筑的破坏或其他灾害。赋予混凝土超疏水性，可有效提高混凝土的抗冻融、防腐、抗冰性能，拓展混凝土在现代建筑行业的应用前景。尽管如此，超疏水混凝土的抗压强度还不够高，限制了其应用。在这里，我们将超疏水混凝土保持了 28 天，并将抗压强度从 10 MPa 提高到 34.48 MPa，提高了 3.5 倍。其主要机制是硅酸钙水合物结构随着维护时间的增加而增长，使内部微结构连接更加紧密。此外，还收集了 XPS 光谱以研究超疏水混凝土的化学成分。对超疏水混凝土进行了一系列试验，结果表明，养护后的超疏水混凝土具有较高的表面强度、防腐性能和较高的抗冰、除冰能力，具有应用价值。