Achieving technologically relevant performance and stability for optoelectronics, energy conversion, photonics, spintronics and quantum devices requires creating atomically precise materials with tailored homo- and hetero-interfaces, which can form functional hierarchical assemblies. Nature employs tunable sequence chemistry to create complex architectures, which efficiently transform matter and energy, however, in contrast, the design of synthetic materials and their integration remains a long-standing challenge. Organic–inorganic two-dimensional halide perovskites (2DPKs) are organic and inorganic two-dimensional layers, which self-assemble in solution to form highly ordered periodic stacks. They exhibit a large compositional and structural phase space, which has led to novel and exciting physical properties. In this Review, we discuss the current understanding in the structure and physical properties of 2DPKs from the monolayers to assemblies, and present a comprehensive comparison with conventional semiconductors, thereby providing a broad understanding of low-dimensional semiconductors that feature complex organic–inorganic hetero-interfaces.

要在光电，能量转换，光子学，自旋电子学和量子设备上实现技术上相关的性能和稳定性，就需要创建具有定制的均质和异质界面的原子精确材料，这些材料可以形成功能层次的组件。大自然采用可调序列化学来创建复杂的体系结构，可以有效地转换物质和能量，但是，相比之下，合成材料的设计及其集成仍然是一项长期的挑战。有机-无机二维卤化物钙钛矿（2DPK）是有机和无机二维层，它们在溶液中自组装形成高度有序的周期性叠层。它们表现出较大的组成和结构相空间，这导致了新颖而令人兴奋的物理性质。在这篇评论中，