Abstract—

The article considers the effects arising after exposure to low doses of radiation in vitro and in vivo, as well as the mechanisms of their formation. Analysis of the literature shows that the result of the action of low-dose radiation depends on the cell type, radiation sources, assessment methods, etc. This action differs from the effects of high doses and is associated with the activation of defense systems. Stimulation of the endogenous antioxidant system and repair was detected in normal cells after exposure to low doses. At the level of the organism, the response to the effect of low radiation doses is also accompanied by activation of the immune system. This leads to an increase in the resistance of normal cells to the action of genotoxic factors (the radio-adaptive response), which can be used to protect the normal tissues surrounding the tumor from the effects of high radiation doses during radiation therapy. The resistance of most malignant cells after irradiation with low doses did not change. However, the fractionated effect of low-dose radiation on the tumor could induce an increase in radio-sensitivity in malignant cells. The review presents data that show the change in the expression of a number of genes and regulatory RNA after exposure to low-dose radiation. These epigenetic parameters make it possible to explain individual differences in the magnitude of the radio-adaptive response. The paper discusses the prospects of the use of low-dose radiation for the treatment of certain human pathological conditions.

中文翻译：

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低辐射剂量刺激人体防御系统的新方法

摘要—

该文章考虑了在体外和体内暴露于低剂量辐射后产生的效应，以及它们的形成机理。文献分析表明，低剂量辐射作用的结果取决于细胞类型，辐射源，评估方法等。这种作用不同于高剂量作用，并且与防御系统的激活有关。暴露于低剂量后，在正常细胞中检测到内源性抗氧化剂系统的刺激和修复。在生物体水平上，对低辐射剂量的反应也伴随着免疫系统的激活。这会导致正常细胞对遗传毒性因子（放射适应性反应）的抵抗力增强，可以用来保护肿瘤周围的正常组织免受放射治疗期间高剂量辐射的影响。低剂量照射后大多数恶性细胞的抵抗力没有改变。然而，低剂量辐射对肿瘤的分级作用可能会导致恶性细胞放射敏感性的增加。该综述提供的数据显示了暴露于低剂量辐射后许多基因和调节性RNA表达的变化。这些表观遗传学参数使得可以解释放射性适应性反应幅度的个体差异。本文讨论了使用低剂量辐射治疗某些人体病理状况的前景。低剂量照射后大多数恶性细胞的抵抗力没有改变。然而，低剂量辐射对肿瘤的分级作用可能会导致恶性细胞放射敏感性的增加。该综述提供的数据显示了暴露于低剂量辐射后许多基因和调节性RNA表达的变化。这些表观遗传学参数使得可以解释放射性适应反应幅度的个体差异。本文讨论了使用低剂量辐射治疗某些人体病理状况的前景。低剂量照射后大多数恶性细胞的抵抗力没有改变。然而，低剂量辐射对肿瘤的分级作用可能会导致恶性细胞放射敏感性的增加。该综述提供的数据显示了暴露于低剂量辐射后许多基因和调节性RNA表达的变化。这些表观遗传学参数使得可以解释放射性适应性反应幅度的个体差异。本文讨论了使用低剂量辐射治疗某些人体病理状况的前景。该综述提供的数据显示了暴露于低剂量辐射后许多基因和调节性RNA表达的变化。这些表观遗传学参数使得可以解释放射性适应性反应幅度的个体差异。本文讨论了使用低剂量辐射治疗某些人体病理状况的前景。该综述提供的数据显示了暴露于低剂量辐射后许多基因和调节性RNA表达的变化。这些表观遗传学参数使得可以解释放射性适应性反应幅度的个体差异。本文讨论了使用低剂量辐射治疗某些人体病理状况的前景。