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Metagenomic analysis reveals a dynamic microbiome with diversified adaptive functions to utilize high lignocellulosic forages in the cattle rumen
The ISME Journal ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 , DOI: 10.1038/s41396-020-00837-2
Javad Gharechahi 1 , Mohammad Farhad Vahidi 2 , Mohammad Bahram 3, 4 , Jian-Lin Han 5, 6 , Xue-Zhi Ding 7 , Ghasem Hosseini Salekdeh 2, 8
Affiliation  

Rumen microbiota play a key role in the digestion and utilization of plant materials by the ruminant species, which have important implications for greenhouse gas emission. Yet, little is known about the key taxa and potential gene functions involved in the digestion process. Here, we performed a genome-centric analysis of rumen microbiota attached to six different lignocellulosic biomasses in rumen-fistulated cattle. Our metagenome sequencing provided novel genomic insights into functional potential of 523 uncultured bacteria and 15 mostly uncultured archaea in the rumen. The assembled genomes belonged mainly to Bacteroidota, Firmicutes, Verrucomicrobiota, and Fibrobacterota and were enriched for genes related to the degradation of lignocellulosic polymers and the fermentation of degraded products into short chain volatile fatty acids. We also found a shift from copiotrophic to oligotrophic taxa during the course of rumen fermentation, potentially important for the digestion of recalcitrant lignocellulosic substrates in the physiochemically complex and varying environment of the rumen. Differential colonization of forages (the incubated lignocellulosic materials) by rumen microbiota suggests that taxonomic and metabolic diversification is an evolutionary adaptation to diverse lignocellulosic substrates constituting a major component of the cattle’s diet. Our data also provide novel insights into the key role of unique microbial diversity and associated gene functions in the degradation of recalcitrant lignocellulosic materials in the rumen.



中文翻译:

宏基因组分析揭示了具有多样化适应功能的动态微生物组,可在牛瘤胃中利用高木质纤维素草料

瘤胃微生物群在反刍动物对植物材料的消化和利用中起着关键作用,这对温室气体排放具有重要意义。然而,人们对消化过程中涉及的关键分类群和潜在基因功能知之甚少。在这里,我们对瘤胃造瘘牛的六种不同木质纤维素生物质附着的瘤胃微生物群进行了以基因组为中心的分析。我们的宏基因组测序为瘤胃中 523 种未培养细菌和 15 种主要未培养古菌的功能潜力提供了新的基因组见解。组装的基因组主要属于拟杆菌门、厚壁菌门、疣微菌门和纤维杆菌门,并富含与木质纤维素聚合物降解和降解产物发酵成短链挥发性脂肪酸相关的基因。我们还发现在瘤胃发酵过程中从富营养型向寡营养型转变,这对于在复杂且多变的瘤胃环境中消化顽固的木质纤维素底物具有潜在的重要意义。瘤胃微生物群对草料(培养的木质纤维素材料)的差异定植表明,分类学和代谢多样化是对构成牛饮食主要成分的多种木质纤维素底物的进化适应。我们的数据还提供了关于独特微生物多样性和相关基因功能在瘤胃中顽固木质纤维素材料降解中的关键作用的新见解。对于在复杂且多变的瘤胃环境中消化顽固的木质纤维素底物具有潜在的重要意义。瘤胃微生物群对草料(培养的木质纤维素材料)的差异定植表明,分类学和代谢多样化是对构成牛饮食主要成分的多种木质纤维素底物的进化适应。我们的数据还提供了关于独特微生物多样性和相关基因功能在瘤胃中顽固木质纤维素材料降解中的关键作用的新见解。对于在复杂且多变的瘤胃环境中消化顽固的木质纤维素底物具有潜在的重要意义。瘤胃微生物群对草料(培养的木质纤维素材料)的差异定植表明,分类学和代谢多样化是对构成牛饮食主要成分的多种木质纤维素底物的进化适应。我们的数据还提供了关于独特微生物多样性和相关基因功能在瘤胃中顽固木质纤维素材料降解中的关键作用的新见解。瘤胃微生物群对草料(培养的木质纤维素材料)的差异定植表明,分类学和代谢多样化是对构成牛饮食主要成分的多种木质纤维素底物的进化适应。我们的数据还提供了关于独特微生物多样性和相关基因功能在瘤胃中顽固木质纤维素材料降解中的关键作用的新见解。瘤胃微生物群对草料(培养的木质纤维素材料)的差异定植表明,分类学和代谢多样化是对构成牛饮食主要成分的多种木质纤维素底物的进化适应。我们的数据还提供了关于独特微生物多样性和相关基因功能在瘤胃中顽固木质纤维素材料降解中的关键作用的新见解。

更新日期:2020-12-01
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