Cell aging is the result of deteriorating competence in maintaining cellular homeostasis and quality control. Certain cell types are able to rejuvenate through asymmetric cell division by excluding aging factors, including damaged cellular compartments and extrachromosomal rDNA circles, from entering the daughter cell. Recent findings from the budding yeast S. cerevisiae have shown that gametogenesis represents another type of cellular rejuvenation. Gametes, whether produced by an old or a young mother cell, are granted a renewed replicative lifespan through the formation of a fifth nuclear compartment that sequesters the harmful senescence factors accumulated by the mother. Here, we describe the importance and mechanism of cellular remodeling at the nuclear envelope mediated by ESCRT-III and the LEM-domain proteins, with a focus on nuclear pore biogenesis and chromatin interaction during gamete rejuvenation.

细胞老化是维持细胞稳态和质量控制能力下降的结果。某些细胞类型能够通过排除衰老因素（包括受损的细胞区室和染色体外 rDNA 环）进入子细胞，从而通过不对称细胞分裂恢复活力。出芽酵母S. cerevisiae的最新发现已经表明，配子发生代表了另一种类型的细胞再生。配子，无论是由年老的还是年轻的母细胞产生的，都通过形成第五个核隔间而获得了新的复制寿命，该隔间隔离了母亲积累的有害衰老因子。在这里，我们描述了由 ESCRT-III 和 LEM 域蛋白介导的核膜细胞重塑的重要性和机制，重点是配子再生过程中的核孔生物发生和染色质相互作用。