Metallurgical refining of crude silicon for low-cost, mass production of solar silicon has been studied extensively over the past two decades. One of the methods attempted to target the deleterious impurities of Si is slag refining, where liquid Si or its alloys are treated with a flux. This article presents an overview of the impurity response to various slag treatment conditions for crude Si metal from both fundamental and practical perspectives, aiming to provide a basis for the design and application of more effective fluxes and alloys. It was found that removal of B and P through slag refining alone is not practical on an industrial scale as it would require a large volume of slag, however the removal percentage can be significantly increased if the silicon has been alloyed with a suitable metal.

中文翻译：

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粗硅矿渣精炼综述

在过去的二十年中，人们广泛研究了粗硅的冶金精炼以低成本、大规模生产太阳能硅。试图以硅的有害杂质为目标的方法之一是炉渣精炼，其中用熔剂处理液态硅或其合金。本文从基础和实践的角度概述了粗硅金属对各种渣处理条件的杂质响应，旨在为更有效的熔剂和合金的设计和应用提供基础。发现仅通过炉渣精炼去除 B 和 P 在工业规模上是不切实际的，因为它需要大量炉渣，但是如果硅已与合适的金属合金化，则去除百分比可以显着增加。