Abstract

For ordinary (bipolar) radiation, the integral of the electric-field strength in time is zero. The possibility of generating unipolar radiation was theoretically considered in (E.G. Bessonov. Preprint no. 76, Lebedev Physical Institute, Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union, Moscow, 1990) for the first time. In this work, unipolar radiation is defined as radiation for which the integral of the electric-field strength in time differs significantly from zero. Later, a number of theoretical articles were devoted to this problem, mainly as applied to synchrotron radiation. However, there are still no experimental studies of this phenomenon. This paper presents the results of an experimental observation of unipolar Cherenkov and diffraction radiation generated by relativistic electrons in the millimeter wavelength range. For this, a detector was developed that is sensitive to the selected direction of electric-field strength. We observed coherent Cherenkov radiation and the backward diffraction radiation of a beam of relativistic electrons when electrons move close to targets. The effect of partial unipolarity is registered for Cherenkov radiation, and almost complete unipolarity is observed for backward diffraction radiation.

中文翻译：

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单极切伦科夫和相对论电子的衍射辐射

摘要

对于普通（双极）辐射，时间上的电场强度积分为零。从理论上首次考虑了产生单极辐射的可能性（EG Bessonov，预印本第76号，苏联科学院列别捷夫物理研究所，莫斯科，1990年）。在这项工作中，单极辐射定义为电场强度在时间上的积分与零显着不同的辐射。后来，许多理论文章专门针对此问题，主要应用于同步加速器辐射。但是，目前还没有关于这种现象的实验研究。本文介绍了单极切伦科夫和毫米波波长范围内相对论电子产生的衍射辐射的实验观察结果。为了这，开发了一种对所选电场强度方向敏感的检测器。当电子靠近目标时，我们观察到了相对论电子束的相干Cherenkov辐射和向后衍射辐射。切伦科夫辐射记录了部分单极性的影响，而向后衍射辐射观察到几乎完全的单极性。