Alkali-activated materials are a promising type of binder candidate as a substitute to Portland cement. Fly ashes can be used as binder precursors giving higher environmental benefits. In the present research, fly ashes (Type F) containing different amounts of unburned carbonaceous matter have been used to formulate mortars. Serious problems concerning the workability in the fresh state have been found when high carbon content are reached. An attempt to avoid the preliminary treatments used to eliminate the unburned matter is carried out by exploiting different mix-design receipts obtained by changing the water/binder ratio, the ratio of the alkaline activators and using different types of superplasticizer additives. Data so far collected underline that a high amount of unburned carbonaceous matter can not only compromise the mechanical properties of the materials, but also the rheological ones and underline the necessity to develop ad hoc additives for this type of binders.

中文翻译：

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含大量未燃碳物质的碱活化粉煤灰砂浆的配合比设计及性能

碱活化材料是一种很有前景的候选粘合剂，可替代波特兰水泥。飞灰可用作粘合剂前体，提供更高的环境效益。在目前的研究中，已使用含有不同量未燃烧碳质物质的飞灰（F 型）来配制砂浆。当达到高碳含量时，已经发现关于新鲜状态下的可加工性的严重问题。通过利用通过改变水/粘合剂比率、碱性活化剂的比率和使用不同类型的超增塑剂添加剂获得的不同混合设计收据，进行了避免用于消除未燃烧物质的初步处理的尝试。