Previous research has revealed the influence of reward associations on attentional selection and control. The attentional network can be divided into three components according to its function: Alerting, orienting, and executive control. In the current research, we used training-test procedure and attention network test variant to investigate the effects of color-based reward associations on alerting (Experiment 1), orienting (Experiment 2), executive control (Experiment 3), as well as the interactions among these three networks (Experiment 4). The findings were as follows: Compared with colors previously associated with low reward, colors previously associated with high reward trigger stronger alerting and orienting effects (Experiments 1 and 2), and they had stronger interference effects when functioning as features of flanker distractor (Experiment 3). More importantly, reward associations had only a positive impact on the interaction of orienting by executive control but not on the interaction of alerting by executive control (Experiment 4). In summary, reward associations have different effects on the three attentional networks and can enhance the interaction of orienting by executive control.

先前的研究揭示了奖励联想对注意力选择和控制的影响。注意网络可以根据其功能分为三个部分：警报，定向和执行控制。在当前的研究中，我们使用了训练测试程序和注意力网络测试变量来研究基于颜色的奖励联想对警报（实验1），定向（实验2），执行控制（实验3）以及这三个网络之间的互动（实验4）。研究结果如下：与先前与低奖励相关的颜色相比，先前与高奖励相关的颜色会触发更强的警觉和定向效果（实验1和2），当用作侧翼干扰器的功能时，它们具有更强的干扰效果（实验3）。更重要的是，奖励协会仅对执行控制导向的互动产生积极影响，而对执行控制警报的互动没有积极影响（实验4）。总而言之，奖励联想对三个注意力网络的影响不同，并且可以通过执行控制增强导向的相互作用。