The microbial mediated synthesis of nanoparticles will be more effective for chemotherapeutic applications because microbes are well known attractive sources for the various biologically active biomolecules. The present study was designed to investigate the anticancer effect of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) synthesized by Bacillus cereus PMSS-1 strain on human melanoma A375 cells. The synthesized ZnO NPs was characterized by UV-spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) investigation, transmission electron microscope (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) examination. The results show that the ZnO NPs exhibited concentration-dependent cytotoxicity on A375 cells, and induced the apoptosis as evidenced by the increased lipid peroxidation (LPO), diminished activities of an antioxidant such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). Moreover, the administration of synthesized ZnO NPs increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and reduced mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) in A375 cells. The western blot analyses explored that the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 expression was significantly downregulated, whereas, the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins such as p53, Bax, Caspase-3 and Caspase-9 were significantly upregulated in ZnO NPs treated A375 cells. Therefore, the B. cereus synthesized ZnO NPs could be used for human malignant melanoma after proper in vivo studies.

微生物介导的纳米颗粒的合成对于化学治疗应用将更加有效，因为微生物是各种生物活性生物分子的众所周知的有吸引力的来源。本研究旨在研究蜡状芽孢杆菌合成的氧化锌纳米颗粒（ZnO NPs）的抗癌作用。对人黑素瘤A375细胞的PMSS-1株。通过紫外光谱，X射线衍射（XRD）研究，透射电子显微镜（TEM），能量色散X射线（EDX）和傅立叶变换红外（FTIR）检查对合成的ZnO NPs进行了表征。结果表明，ZnO NPs对A375细胞表现出浓度依赖性的细胞毒性，并通过增加脂质过氧化（LPO），减少抗氧化剂如超氧化物歧化酶（SOD），过氧化氢酶（CAT）和谷胱甘肽的活性来诱导细胞凋亡。过氧化物酶（GPx）。此外，在A375细胞中，合成的ZnO NP的施用增加了活性氧（ROS）的产生，并降低了线粒体膜电位（MMP）。免疫印迹分析发现抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2的表达明显下调，而在ZnO NPs处理过的A375细胞中，促凋亡蛋白如p53，Bax，Caspase-3和Caspase-9的表达明显上调。因此，蜡状芽孢杆菌合成的ZnO NPs经过适当的体内研究后可用于人类恶性黑色素瘤。