As a momentous post-transcriptional regulator, microRNAs (miRNAs) are attracting more and more attention. The classical miRNAs regulated mechanism shows it binds to the targets' 3'UTR thus play the role in post-transcription. Meanwhile, single miRNA can target multiple genes, so those should compete to bind that miRNA. Vice versa, single gene can sponge mass of miRNAs as well. Thus the competitive endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) hypothesis was put forward in 2011. The ceRNA hypothesis has made huge achievements, in particular in non-coding genes, which including long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), circle RNAs (circRNAs) and pseudogenes, even viral transcripts. It also contributed greatly to epigenetics development. However, an increasing number of controversies have occurred with applause. Based on this situation, this review introduces something in detail about the ceRNAs hypothesis achieved in lncRNAs, circRNAs, pseudogenes and viral transcripts, respectively. Meanwhile, it also covers controversy of the ceRNAs hypothesis.

中文翻译：

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非编码基因竞争性内源RNA假说的发展与争议。

作为重要的转录后调节因子，microRNA（miRNA）越来越受到人们的关注。经典的miRNA调控机制表明它与靶标的3'UTR结合，从而在转录后发挥作用。同时，单个 miRNA 可以靶向多个基因，因此这些基因应该竞争结合该 miRNA。反之亦然，单个基因也可以吸收大量 miRNA。于是2011年提出了竞争性内源RNA（ceRNA）假说。ceRNA假说取得了巨大的成就，特别是在非编码基因方面，包括长非编码RNA（lncRNA）、环状RNA（circRNA）和假基因，甚至病毒转录本。它还对表观遗传学的发展做出了巨大贡献。然而，掌声中也出现了越来越多的争议。基于这种情况，本文详细介绍了分别在lncRNA、circRNA、假基因和病毒转录本中实现的ceRNA假说。同时，它也涵盖了ceRNAs假说的争议。