Novel-biofunctionalized surfaces are required to improve the performance of endosseous implants, which are mainly related to the resistance against biocorrosion, as well as for the consideration of osteoinductive phenomena. Among different strategies, the use of bisphosphonate molecules as linkers between titanium dioxide (TiO₂) surfaces and proteins is a distinctive approach, one in which bisphosphonate could play a role in the osseointegration. Thus, to address this issue, we proposed a novel biofunctionalization of TiO₂ surfaces using sodium alendronate (ALN) as a linker and bovine serum albumin as the protein. Physicochemical analysis of the functionalized surfaces was performed using contact angle analyses and surface roughness measurements, which indicated an efficient functionalization. The biocompatibility of the functionalized surfaces was analyzed through the adhesion behavior of the pre-osteoblasts onto the samples. Overall, our data showed a significant improvement concerning the cell adhesion by modulating the adhesion cell-related set of genes. The obtained results show that for modified surfaces there is an increase of up to 100 times in the percentage of cells adhered when compared to the control, besides the extracellular matrix remodeling seemed to be an essential prerequisite for the early stages of cell adhesion on to the biomaterials, which was assayed by evaluating the matrix metalloproteinase activities as well as the gene activations. In the expressions of the Bsp and Bglap2 genes, for the group containing ALN (TiO₂ + ALN), it was observed an increase in expression (approximately sixfold change) when compared to the control. Altogether, our data clearly showed that the bisphosphonate-biofunctionalized surface enhanced the biocompatibility of titanium and claims to further progress preclinical in vivo experimentation.

需要新型生物功能化表面来提高骨内植入物的性能，这主要与抗生物腐蚀以及考虑骨诱导现象有关。在不同的策略中，使用双膦酸盐分子作为二氧化钛 (TiO ₂ ) 表面和蛋白质之间的连接物是一种独特的方法，其中双膦酸盐可以在骨整合中发挥作用。因此，为了解决这个问题，我们提出了一种新型的 TiO ₂生物功能化表面使用阿仑膦酸钠 (ALN) 作为接头，牛血清白蛋白作为蛋白质。使用接触角分析和表面粗糙度测量对功能化表面进行物理化学分析，这表明有效的功能化。通过前成骨细胞在样品上的粘附行为来分析功能化表面的生物相容性。总体而言，我们的数据显示，通过调节粘附细胞相关基因组，细胞粘附显着改善。获得的结果表明，与对照相比，改性表面的细胞粘附百分比增加了多达 100 倍，此外细胞外基质重塑似乎是细胞粘附到表面的早期阶段的必要先决条件。生物材料，这是通过评估基质金属蛋白酶活性以及基因激活来测定的。在表达式中Bsp和Bglap2基因，对于含有 ALN (TiO ₂  + ALN) 的组，与对照相比，观察到表达增加（约六倍变化）。总而言之，我们的数据清楚地表明，双膦酸盐生物功能化表面增强了钛的生物相容性，并声称可以进一步推进临床前体内实验。